Dissonance and Prejudice: Personal Costs, Choice, and Change in Attitudes and Racial Beliefs Following Counterattitudinal Advocacy That Benefits a Minority

Eisenstadt, Donna; Leippe, Michael R.; Stambush, Mark A.; Rauch, Shannon; Rivers, Jennifer A.

doi:10.1207/s15324834basp2702_4

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…There is now a long history of applying dissonance thinking to work on prejudice. Almost exclusively, however, this approach has been focused on the ways in which arousing dissonance may help to resolve prejudice (Bierly, 1985; Eisenstadt, Leippe, Stambush, & Rauch, 2005; Gawronski & Strack, 2004; Leippe, & Eisenstadt, 1994; although see Rasinski, Geers, & Czopp, 2013). By drawing on updated theories of dissonance (i.e., the action-based model), our analysis shows the ways in which dissonance may serve to reinforce rather than resolve prejudice.…”

Section: Broader Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the Meat-Paradox: A Motivational Account of Morally Troublesome Behavior and Its Maintenance

Bastian

Loughnan

2016

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

279

280

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A majority of people the world over eat meat, yet many of these same people experience discomfort when the meat on their plate is linked to the death of animals. We draw on this common form of moral conflict-the meat-paradox-to develop insights into the ways in which morally troublesome behaviors vanish into the commonplace and every day. Drawing on a motivational analysis, we show how societies may be shaped by attempts to resolve dissonance, in turn protecting their citizens from discomfort associated with their own moral conflicts. To achieve this, we build links between dissonance reduction, habit formation, social influence, and the emergence of social norms and detail how our analysis has implications for understanding immoral behavior and motivations underpinning dehumanization and objectification. Finally, we draw from our motivational analysis to advance new insights into the origins of prejudice and pathways through which prejudice can be maintained and resolved.

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Section: Broader Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the Meat-Paradox: A Motivational Account of Morally Troublesome Behavior and Its Maintenance

Bastian

Loughnan

2016

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

279

280

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“…However, sympathetic recognition of prejudice toward African Americans is not the same as unconditional positive feelings or beliefs about the group (Czopp & Monteith, 2006). This difference may help explain why, for instance, increased scores on the Pro-Black Scale (Katz & Hass, 1988) are not necessarily linked to increased support for pro-Black policies (e.g., increasing the number of college scholarships for African Americans; Eisenstadt, Leippe, Stambush, Rauch, & Rivers, 2005).…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Liking is not the opposite of disliking: The functional separability of positive and negative attitudes toward minority groups.

Pittinsky

Rosenthal

Montoya

2011

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Two studies tested the hypotheses that positive and negative attitudes toward minority groups are not interchangeable in predicting positive versus negative behaviors toward those groups. In Study 1, positive attitudes about Latinos were a better predictor of a positive behavior toward Latinos than were negative attitudes or stereotyped positive attitudes. In Study 2, positive attitudes about African Americans were a better predictor of positive behavioral intentions toward that group than were negative attitudes, whereas negative attitudes were better predictors of negative behavioral intentions than were positive attitudes. Taken together, the studies support the perspective that positive and negative attitudes toward minority groups are theoretically and functionally distinct constructs. We conclude that it is important to measure both positive and negative attitudes to understand and predict behaviors toward minority groups.

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“…Although sympathetic attitudes about a group are certainly not negative attitudes (Schuman & Harding, 1963;Woodmansee & Cook, 1967), neither are they direct positive attitudes (Czopp & Monteith, 2006). This may be why, for instance, higher scores on the Pro-Black Scale are not necessarily linked to increased support for pro-Black policies such as raising the number of college scholarships for African Americans (Eisenstadt, Leippe, Stambush, Rauch, & Rivers, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring positive attitudes toward outgroups: Development and validation of the Allophilia Scale.

Pittinsky

Rosenthal

Montoya

2011

Moving Beyond Prejudice Reduction: Pathways to Positive Intergroup Relations.

121

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Katz and Hass (1988) identified and measured what they termed pro-Black attitudes. However, the pro-Black attitudes they investigated were not direct positive attitudes, but rather were mediated by feelings of sympathy and helpfulness toward African Americans based on recognition of the widespread prejudice against them. Although sympathetic attitudes about a group are certainly not negative attitudes (Schuman & Harding, 1963;Woodmansee & Cook, 1967), neither are they direct positive attitudes (Czopp & Monteith, 2006). This may be why, for instance, higher scores on the Pro-Black Scale are not necessarily linked to increased support for pro-Black policies such as raising the number of college scholarships for African Americans (Eisenstadt, Leippe, Stambush, Rauch, & Rivers, 2005).

show abstract

Dissonance and Prejudice: Personal Costs, Choice, and Change in Attitudes and Racial Beliefs Following Counterattitudinal Advocacy That Benefits a Minority

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Resolving the Meat-Paradox: A Motivational Account of Morally Troublesome Behavior and Its Maintenance

Resolving the Meat-Paradox: A Motivational Account of Morally Troublesome Behavior and Its Maintenance

Liking is not the opposite of disliking: The functional separability of positive and negative attitudes toward minority groups.

Measuring positive attitudes toward outgroups: Development and validation of the Allophilia Scale.

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