Distal Abdominal Aortic Thrombosis Diagnosed by Three‐dimensional Contrast‐enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Abstract

Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can provide noninvasive relatively rapid three-dimensional high-detailed vascular images over large anatomic areas. There are few descriptions of the use of contrast-enhanced MRA in veterinary patients. This is a report illustrating the use of contrast-enhanced MRA to localize the full extent of distal aortic, external iliac, and femoral artery thrombi confirmed surgically in four dogs. Distal aorta contrast-enhanced MRA was anatomically accurate in detecting the full extent of thrombi involving the aorta, external iliac and femoral arteries in these four canine patients. This procedure can provide important information for surgery.

Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging features of canine segmental caudal vena cava aplasia

“…The detailed differentiation of the different vascular systems is particularly valuable if complex anomalies are present, such as those described here, to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions or to guide the preoperative planning of surgical or radiological interventional portosystemic shunt ligation or occlusion procedures. Abdominal MRA studies have also gained popularity in the diagnosis of canine abdominal vascular disorders, and particularly, the use paramagnetic contrast media has increased lesion conspicuity (Seguin and others 1999, Holmes and others 2006, Bruehschwein and others 2009, Sharpley and others 2008, Cavrenne and Mai 2009, Mai 2009).…”

Aortic thrombosis in dogs

“…These techniques may be particularly useful in patients where there is suspicion of additional sites of thrombus formation or thromboembolism. These techniques appear to be infrequently utilized in published reports of dogs with ATh or ATE …”

Computed Tomographic Characteristics of Collateral Venous Pathways in Dogs With Caudal Vena Cava Obstruction

“…Volume rendering of CTA datasets has been reported to facilitate comprehension and classification of complex vascular abnormalities. Other imaging modalities used to study vascular anatomy and vascular obstructions have included ultrasound, MRI, and scintigraphy . The CTA appearance of congenital caudal vena cava anomalies have been previously described in the veterinary literature .…”