Distance and Azimuthal Dependence of Ground‐Motion Variability for Unilateral Strike‐Slip Ruptures

Vyas, J.C.; Martin, P.; Gális, Martin

doi:10.1785/0120150298

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…• ), as also reported by Vyas et al [2016]. In that case, our simulation results reproduce the observations much better than the generic GMPEs do for these stations.…”

Section: Peak Ground Velocitiessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…They find that the variability is much higher close to the fault (in average 0.79), and reduces to a constant value of 0.6 only at 100 km distance (Fig. 5 in Vyas et al [2016]). …”

Section: Distance Dependence Of Pgvsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…exhibiting large PGV variability with respect to the azimuth [e.g., Vyas et al, 2016]. Correspondingly, we analyze the PGVs not only in dependence of R JB -distance, but also with respect to azimuth to the hypocenter.…”

Section: Peak Ground Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a distance dependent variability is found for kinematic simulations of the Landers earthquake assuming purely elastic material properties [Vyas et al, 2016]. Different ground motion variability values might have a significant impact on the results of seismic hazard analysis [e.g., Restrepo-Velez and Bommer , 2003;Bommer and Abrahamson, 2006;Strasser et al, 2009].…”

Section: Distance Dependence Of Pgvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). In contrast, Vyas et al [2016] use kinematic source models of Cotton and Campillo [1995]; Hernandez et al [1999]; Zeng and Anderson [2000]; Wald and Heaton [1994] and Cohee and Beroza [1994] which all feature very heterogeneous slip distributions, that is, slip occurs in isolated patches. Also, four out of their five models contain zones of large near-surface slip that may lead to an increased variability of ground motions in the vicinity of the fault.…”

Section: Distance Dependence Of Pgvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

Gabriel

Wollherr

Schliwa

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Key Points:• A new integrative physics-based simulation of the 1992 Landers earthquake reproduces a broad range of independent observation • Sustained dynamic rupture interconnecting the complex fault segments constraints pre-stress and fault strength • We discuss the interplay of rupture transfers, geometric fault complexity, initial stress, viscoelastic attenuation, and off-fault plasticity AbstractThe 1992 M w 7.3 Landers earthquake is perhaps one of the best studied seismic events. However, many aspects of the dynamics of the rupture process are still puzzling, e.g. how did rupture transfer between fault segments? We present 3D spontaneous dynamic rupture simulations of a new degree of realism, incorporating the interplay of fault geometry, topography, 3D rheology, off-fault plasticity and viscoelastic attenuation. The surprisingly unique scenario reproduces a broad range of observations, including final slip distribution, seismic moment-rate function, seismic waveform characteristics and peak ground velocities, as well as shallow slip deficits and mapped off-fault deformation patterns. Sustained dynamic rupture of all fault segments in general, and rupture transfers in particular, put strong constraints on amplitude and orientation of initial fault stresses and friction. Source dynamics include dynamic triggering over large distances and direct branching; rupture terminates spontaneously on most of the principal fault segments. We achieve good agreement between synthetic and observed waveform characteristics and associated peak ground velocities. Despite very complex rupture evolution, ground motion variability is close to what is commonly assumed in Ground Motion Prediction Equations. We examine the effects of variations in modeling parameterization, e.g. purely elastic setups or models neglecting viscoelastic attenuation, in comparison to our preferred model. Our integrative dynamic modeling approach demonstrates the potential of consistent in-scale earthquake rupture simulations for augmenting earthquake source observations and improving the understanding of earthquake source physics of complex, segmented fault systems.

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“…• ), as also reported by Vyas et al [2016]. In that case, our simulation results reproduce the observations much better than the generic GMPEs do for these stations.…”

Section: Peak Ground Velocitiessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…They find that the variability is much higher close to the fault (in average 0.79), and reduces to a constant value of 0.6 only at 100 km distance (Fig. 5 in Vyas et al [2016]). …”

Section: Distance Dependence Of Pgvsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Peak Ground Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distance Dependence Of Pgvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distance Dependence Of Pgvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

Gabriel

Wollherr

Schliwa

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Seismic source spectral properties of crack‐like and pulse‐like modes of dynamic rupture

Wang

Day

2017

JGR Solid Earth

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Earthquake source properties such as seismic moment and stress drop are routinely estimated from far‐field body wave amplitude spectra. Some quantitative but model‐dependent relations have been established between seismic spectra and source parameters. However, large variability is seen in the parameter estimates, and it is uncertain how the variability is partitioned among real variability in the source parameters, observational error, and modeling error due to complexity of earthquake behaviors. Earthquake models with dynamic weakening have been found to exhibit two different modes of rupture: expanding‐crack and self‐healing pulse modes. Four representative models are generated to model the transition from crack‐like to pulse‐like. Pulse‐like rupture leads to development of a second corner frequency, and the intermediate spectral slope is approximately 2 in most cases. The focal‐sphere‐averaged lower P and S wave corner frequencies are systematically higher for pulse‐like models than crack models of comparable rupture velocity. The slip‐weighted stress drop ΔσE exceeds the moment‐based stress drop ΔσM for pulse‐like ruptures, with the ratio ranging from about 1.3 to 1.65, while they are equal for the crack‐like case. The variations in rupture mode introduce variability of the order of a factor of 2 in standard (i.e., crack model‐based) spectral estimates of stress drop. The transition from arresting‐ to growing‐pulse rupture is accompanied by a large (factor of ∼1.6) increase in the radiation ratio. Thus, variations in rupture mode may account for the portion of the scatter in observational spectral estimates of source parameters.

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