Distances of root apices to adjacent anatomical structures in the anterior maxilla: an analysis using cone beam computed tomography

Abstract

Objectives The aim was to assess the anatomical relationship of anterior maxillary teeth to the nasal floor in patients referred for apical surgery. Materials and methods Cone beam computed tomographic images (CBCT) of 83 patients were analysed retrospectively to quantify the distances between the root apices of maxillary anterior teeth (canine to canine) to the nasal floor or maxillary sinus (whichever was closer). Secondary outcome variables were the distances of the periapical lesion to the nasal floor, distances of the apices to the labial and palatal bone plates as well as to the neighbouring teeth. Results A total of 93 teeth (39 central, 35 lateral incisors and 19 canines) were analysed. The mean shortest distances of the apices to the nasal floor (or maxillary sinus) were 8.54 mm for central incisors, 9.49 mm for lateral incisors and 5.39 mm for the canines. The canines exhibited a significantly shorter distance to the nasal floor/maxillary sinus. In the presence of an osteolysis, the distance to the nasal floor was significantly shorter compared to the teeth without lesions. The lateral and central incisors showed significant proximity to each other at the level of the future surgical resection (3 mm from the apex). Conclusions A close proximity between apices and adjacent anatomical structures such as nasal floor, maxillary sinus or adjacent roots could be shown in some cases. Clinical relevance CBCT could be a valuable adjunctive imaging tool prior to apical surgery in the anterior maxilla to assess the risk for and decrease the incidence of damage to neighbouring anatomical structures such as the nasal floor, maxillary sinus or adjacent roots.

Evaluation of the anterior maxillary bone for implant placement and its relationship with the final restoration using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images

“…The mean BH of the anterior maxillary bone was 12.24±2.62 in the present study.The highest BH was related to the canines, lateral teeth, and central teeth, respectively.This result can be explained by the root distance of anterior teeth from anatomical structures, such as the floor of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. The average distance between the roots of anterior teeth and these structures was 8.54 mm in central teeth, 9.49 mm in lateral teeth, and 5.39 mm in canines; [22] this result is in line with the findings reported by Dina Ahmed et al [20].…”

Assessment of the Relationship between the Maxillary Sinus and the Canine Root tip using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

“…The relationship between the maxillary sinus oor and posterior teeth has already been evaluated in various studies [4,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In contrast, few studies have addressed the relationship between the maxillary sinus oor and canine apex [4,[20][21][22]. AL-Qasab et al [22] evaluated this relationship in a limited sample size (30 individuals) and in periapical radiographs.…”

“…AL-Qasab et al [22] evaluated this relationship in a limited sample size (30 individuals) and in periapical radiographs. Ducommun et al [21] evaluated 83 CBCT images for the distance between the apices of the anterior teeth to the nasal oor or maxillary sinus, whichever was closer, and they did not report the results separately for each structure. Their study also included the anterior teeth with apical lesions.…”

“…To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are only few CBCT studies regarding the relationship of the anterior teeth and maxillary sinus [20,21]. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the location of the anterior border of the maxillary sinus in relation to the teeth and amount of anterior extension of the maxillary sinus (AEMS) beyond the canine tooth long axis.…”

Ultrasonographic Measurement of the Effect of Physical Training on Ligament Injuries

“…8,9 This study found that, the rehabilitation effect of the observation group is better than that of the control group, the recovery time is shorter than the control group, the grade of ligament injury at 1, 2, and 3 months of rehabilitation treatment was better than that of the control group, it shows that carrying out sports medicine ultrasound examinations at different stages of rehabilitation can shorten the recovery time of patients, improve its rehabilitation effect, promote the recovery of its ligament damage. 10 The reason for the analysis may be ultrasound evaluation during rehabilitation treatment, can make timely judgments of ligament thickness, effusion volume and echo, etc., it can not only evaluate the effect of rehabilitation, but also guide the development of rehabilitation treatment.…”