Distinct cytokine profiles in malaria coinfections: A systematic review

Kotepui, Manas; Mala, Wanida; Kwankaew, Pattamaporn; Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar; Masangkay, Frederick Ramirez; Wilairatana, Polrat

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011061

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

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“…However, the immunopathogenesis of these diseases is still not well elucidated. During Plasmodium infections, pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are released from immune cells in response to the parasite antigens (5,6). Elevated levels of these cytokines have been associated with the severity of malaria symptoms and complications like cerebral malaria (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-mediating Inflammatory Cytokine Profiling Reveals Unique Patterns in Malaria and Typhoid Fever Patients

Bin Eric,

Netongo,

Kamdem

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundMalaria and typhoid fever are known to cause severe morbidity and mortality if miss-treated or left untreated. The oxidant/antioxidant and immune responses to these diseases involve a complex interplay of stress-mediating inflammatory cytokines which orchestrate a coherent response that leads to pathogen clearance and recovery. This study investigated the stress-mediated cytokine profiles in patients attending the Obala District Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon and diagnosed with malaria and/or typhoid fever.MethodsIn this cross-sectional observational study, we measured the levels of cortisol and stress-mediating inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood samples collected from 55 malaria and/or typhoid fever patients, along with a healthy control group (n = 15) using commercial ELISA kits. The psychological stress of the voluntary participants over the past 30 days was assessed using a 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire.ResultsCompared to the control group, patients with co-infection showed significant differences in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and monocytosis. Psychological stress levels were insignificantly higher in patients with typhoid fever (18.20±5.5) compared to control (15.0±2.43), malaria (15.80±4.39), and comorbidity (15.40±5.26) groups. Cortisol levels were significantly (p<0.001) higher in all patient groups compared to the control group, with the typho-malaria group showing a 2.5-fold increase. Cytokine levels were also elevated in patients with malaria and typhoid comorbidity, particularly IL-1β, IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. While IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with malaria and typho-malaria comorbidity, IL-10 levels were reduced in the typho-malaria group but still higher than in the control group. The TNF-α/IL-10 ratio was significantly higher in the co-infected group, indicating a more intense inflammatory response. Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between perceived stress scores and IL-2 (r = 0.365, p=0.002), IFN-γ (r = 0.248, p=0.03) and IL-6 (r = 0.412, p=0.0001) in the typho-malaria group. Beside IL-6, no significant correlation was found between stress index and the other anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 (r = 0.204, p=0.09) and IL-10 (r = 0.153, p=0.20) in coinfected individuals.ConclusionThese results suggest that stress response may play a crucial role in shaping the inflammatory landscape during malaria and typhoid fever. Exposed to severe stressors may disrupt immune response and contribute to negative health outcomes. Understanding the immunopathogenesis of these diseases could potentially pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the stress-cytokine axis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-mediating Inflammatory Cytokine Profiling Reveals Unique Patterns in Malaria and Typhoid Fever Patients

Bin Eric,

Netongo,

Kamdem

et al. 2024

Preprint

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IL-13 gene polymorphism at the -1055 locus and severe malaria – Is there a link?

Hassan,

Elhussein,

Ali

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective This research examined how the IL-13-1055C/T promoter polymorphism affects the likelihood of Sudanese children developing severe malaria. Method The research was carried out in 2020 and included 115 children with malaria and 49 healthy youngsters from Al Gadaref, Sudan. To analyze the IL-13 1055C/T SNP, the DNA product was digested by the restriction enzyme BstFNI. The ELISA Sandwich method was used to investigate serum IL-13 and IgE. Results The IL-13 gene1055C/T SNP differed significantly between malaria patients and healthy individuals. The results revealed a highly significant difference between various alleles of the IL-13 gene 1055C/T position and malaria severity groups (P-value < 0.001). The IL-13 SNP was found to be closely associated with the allele frequency in the healthy control group. (C: T% = 70.4:29.6), with a p-value < 0.001. The findings show a significant positive relationship between IL-13 and IgE levels in individuals with malaria. (r = 811; P value < 0.001). IL-13 levels differ significantly between malaria patients and healthy individuals, with a P value = 0.000. Malaria patients exhibited considerably greater IgE levels than healthy children, P value < 0.001. Conclusion Our findings revealed substantial relationships between the IL-13 gene polymorphism at the − 1055 locus and severe malaria anemia, uncomplicated malaria, and cerebral malaria cases, implying that the IL-13 gene could have a significant impact on the development of severe malaria.

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Distinct cytokine profiles in malaria coinfections: A systematic review

Cited by 2 publications

References 75 publications

Stress-mediating Inflammatory Cytokine Profiling Reveals Unique Patterns in Malaria and Typhoid Fever Patients

Stress-mediating Inflammatory Cytokine Profiling Reveals Unique Patterns in Malaria and Typhoid Fever Patients

IL-13 gene polymorphism at the -1055 locus and severe malaria – Is there a link?

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