Distinguishing Between Self-Classified Religious and Spiritual Emerging Adults: Conceptual and Operational Challenges

Handal, Paul J.; Creech, Chelsi A.; Pashak, Travis J.; Caver, Lea; Perez, Eunice J.; Schwendeman, Michael G.; Griebel, Christopher

doi:10.30958/ajss.2-2-1

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Relatedly, it may be that university students do not integrate institutionalized religion and acceptance of others (item 14) and selfless caring (item 13), as these two items loaded most strongly onto Selflessness. University students may be prone to identify as "spiritual, but not religious," making the differentiation between religiosity and spirituality in this population difficult (Handal et al 2014;Handal et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale: Support for a Two-Factor Solution, Concurrent Validity, and Its Relationship with Clinical Psychological Distress in University Students

Lace

Handal

2017

Religions

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This study examined the dimensionality and concurrent validity of the 16-item Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) in a sample of 649 university students (448 females) from a private, Catholic university in the Midwestern United States. Present literature predominantly supported a single factor solution. From results of the present study from exploratory principal component analyses (PCAs), a two-component solution (Closeness to the Divine and Selflessness) accounted for 68% of the variance and was preferred to a single component solution. Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for this two-factor solution over two different single factor solutions. Convergent validity for the DSES was supported through positive correlations between its total score and emerging components and other commonly utilized measures of spirituality and religion. Discriminant validity was supported through negligible correlations with sociodemographic data. Females reported significantly higher DSES scores. Females with low reported spirituality had significantly higher (and clinically significant) symptoms of psychological distress than moderately and highly spiritual females. The findings of the present study provide contrasting conclusions from previous work supporting a single factor solution for the DSES, encourage further investigation into its dimensionality in varying populations, and suggest a unique relationship between spirituality and psychological distress in university students.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale: Support for a Two-Factor Solution, Concurrent Validity, and Its Relationship with Clinical Psychological Distress in University Students

Lace

Handal

2017

Religions

Self Cite

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“…Contemporary concepts of spirituality and religiosity presuppose that both constructs overlap (Koenig, 2009;Zinnbauer & Pargament, 2005), which makes their psychometric demarcation difficult (Kapuscinski & Masters, 2010). Handal et al (2015Handal et al ( , 2017 have tried to verify to what extent spirituality and religiosity were mutually independent. The authors concluded that there was a significant convergence between measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polish Psychological Bulletin

Silva¹,

Pereira²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to compare measures of religiosity and spirituality in the experience of positive and negative emotions. For this purpose, a measure of non-spiritual religiosity (Religious Sense Scale) was developed. Method: The study has been conducted on a sample of 279 participants aged between 19 and 69 (M=24.42, SD=9.463) who completed a questionnaire that included the Religious Sense Scale, the Portuguese version of the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire and the abridged Portuguese version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Findings: The was found to have excellent metrical properties for the measurement of religiosity or "religious sense". Religious individuals differ from spiritual ones in the experience of emotions: spirituality tends to a greater experience of positive affect and religiosity to negative affect.

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Distinguishing Between Self-Classified Religious and Spiritual Groups of Emerging Adult Males: Conceptual and Psychometric Challenges

et al. 2016

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This study sought to determine whether measures of religion and spirituality could discriminate between emerging adult males who self-identified as both religious and spiritual (B), religious only (R), spiritual only (S), or neither (N). Two religion measures and three spirituality measures were employed to assess the constructs. It was predicted that those who self-identify as religious only would score significantly higher on the religion measures than those who identified as spiritual only, and those that identified as spiritual only would score significantly higher on the spirituality measures than those who identified as religious only. Results supported the first hypothesis, but not the second. The relationship between spirituality and religion measures indicated substantial overlap and the possibility of differential relationships between emerging male and female adults.

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Distinguishing Between Self-Classified Religious and Spiritual Emerging Adults: Conceptual and Operational Challenges

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Psychometric Properties of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale: Support for a Two-Factor Solution, Concurrent Validity, and Its Relationship with Clinical Psychological Distress in University Students

Psychometric Properties of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale: Support for a Two-Factor Solution, Concurrent Validity, and Its Relationship with Clinical Psychological Distress in University Students

Polish Psychological Bulletin

Distinguishing Between Self-Classified Religious and Spiritual Groups of Emerging Adult Males: Conceptual and Psychometric Challenges

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