Distortion (and Torsion) of rectangular thin-walled beams

Influence of in-Plane Deformation in Higher Order Beam Theories

“…The cross-sectional shape and nodal topology affect this discretization constituting it an undoubtedly complicated task (openshaped branched or un-branched, closed-shaped branched or un-branched cross-sections may be involved). Other researchers have developed TTT introducing the eigenvalue-type crosssectional analysis [42]- [43] establishing deformation modes and permitting their sorting in order of significance. Ranzi and Luongo [44], Jönsson and Andreassen [45]- [48] and Vieira et al [49] have employed eigenvalue cross-sectional analysis highlighting the fact that with this approach it is not necessary to classify cross-sections according to their geometrical configuration (open-, close-shaped, branched or un-branched).…”

Instances of mixed buckling and post-buckling of steel RHS beams

“…Figs. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] show that in TWB with RHS affected by distortion the HPM provides linear non-trivial fundamental paths and bifurcation points that are quite close to those obtained by Newton-Raphson method and FEM (shell element S8R); the maximum relative error is 3%. This error remains acceptable for all non-linear paths (qz, w(L/2)), (qz, v(L/2)), (qz, q(L/2)), (P, w(L/2)), (P, v(L/2)), (P, q(L/2)) when the load is applied on the top flange.…”

Development of lightweight FRP bridge deck designs and evaluations

“…These stresses are: 1) torsional shear stresses, 2) torsional warping stresses, and 3) longitudinal torsional stresses. The calculations performed above assumed only torsional shear stress was present since decoupling the different phenomena, especially the distortion, is very difficult (Mentrasti 1990).…”