“…The above example with the Pd pattern opens up an opportunity to challenge the problems associated with advanced microelectronic devices, as described in a previous paper [ 18 ]. Since these materials are often highly perfect single crystals, x rays can pass through more than one-half millimeter thick samples, almost regardless of x-ray energy, when the sample is set for Bragg diffraction due to the anomalous transmission or Borrmann effect [ 1 , 26 , 27 ]. In this mode of imaging—phase contrast microscopy, the important feature is that those transmitted images in diffraction represent true transverse cross sectional images of the layers [ 1 , 18 ].…”