Distraction osteogenesis on microvascular bone flaps: histological analysis

Abstract

Despite the high osteoinductive potential of vascularized autograft, being used to close significant jaw defects, the processes of osteoresorpton during remodeling in the oral cavity also affect them. The possibilities of distraction osteogenesis allow to restore the necessary volume of bone's tissue at one stage with minimal traumaticity and predictable result, however it's use on vascularized autografts causes a lot of controversy regarding its effectiveness. There has been held a clinical-experimental study of 60 people with jaw defects with various etiologic factors, which were divided into 2 groups: 1 group with defects without previously made osseous plastic, 2 group with defects partially restored by microvascular autografts. Both groups of patients underwent the method of distraction osteogenesis as pre-implantation preparation. At the stage of dental implantation, histological biopsies were taken from the area of the obtained regenerate, to study and visualize the processes during distraction osteogenesis of micro-vascular autografts. There have been received convincing results about the consistency of the distraction regenerate of both groups and have been revealed the high regenerative potential of microvascular autografts.