Distribusi Pencemaran Merkuri Di Das Batanghari Sumatera

Abstract

Sungai Batanghari yang melintasi Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan Jambi mempunyai potensi deposit emas, khususnya di wilayah hulu sungai yang berada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Potensi tersebut mengakibatkan timbulnya penambangan emas secara tradisional dengan menggunakan merkuri. Aktivitas tersebut potensial mengakibatkan pencemaran merkuri pada badan sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi distribusi pencemaran merkuri pada sungai tersebut. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 10 lokasi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Batanghari yang berada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan 5 lokasi di Provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2007-2008. Selain itu, data juga diambil 6 titik pantau yang berbeda yang berada di wilayah hulu Sumatera Barat dengan frekuensi pengambilan sampel dilakukan 5 kali dalam setahun pada periode 2008-2014. Pemantauan di 6 titik pantau yang berbeda dilakukan atas kerjasama antara Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan dengan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Hasil pemantauan mengindikasikan adanya distribusi merkuri baik di air sungai maupun sedimen sungai. Merkuri di air sungai berfluktuasi pada kisaran <0,0005-0,0645 mg/L, sedangkan pada sedimen sungai terdeteksi dengan kisaran 0,01-0,42 mg/kg. Keberadaan merkuri di air sungai dan sedimen sungai perlu mendapatkan perhatian agar sumber pencemar yang berasal dari pertambangan emas tradisional dapat dicegah.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in The Sea: A Review

“…Persistent organic pollutants are one of the Endocrine Disrupter Compounds (EDCs) which is a compound that disrupts the function of endocrine hormones that can interfere with reproduction, metabolism, growth and make immunity dysfunctional. The negative effects of persistent organic pollutants can affect one individual, but can affect the entire population [7]. Based on the results obtained from several journals that have been discussed by several experts, the resulting Persistent Organic Pollutants can be implicated in several populations such as polar bears, dolphins, birds, and sharks.…”

“…Moreover, their poisonous consequences in addition to their chemical-physical traits give them the ability to carry out long-distance transportation and worldwide distribution, go through bioaccumulation and biomagnification thru food webs and persist in all elements of the environment, making POPs a class of chemical substances that require continuous environmental monitoring and studies [3]. Further, persistent organic pollution are chemical compounds which might be harmful to the environment with residences inclusive of: persistent houses (which are not easily degraded through chemical, physical or biological approaches), are toxic to dwelling organisms, are able to pass speedy to different environments, and feature low solubility in water but are very soluble in fats, so it's miles very easy to contaminate through the meals chain [7].…”