Distributed Feedback Lasers and Light-Emitting Diodes Using 1-Naphthylmethylamnonium Low-Dimensional Perovskite

Leyden, Matthew R.; Terakawa, Shinobu; Matsushima, Toshinori; Ruan, Shibin; Goushi, Kenichi; Auffray, Morgan; Sandanayaka, Atula S. D.; Qin, Chuanjiang; Bencheikh, Fatima; Adachi, Chihaya

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01413

Cited by 60 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Recently, researchers reported both amplified spontaneous emission and lasing at room temperature in quasi‐2D thin films [ 69,76–81 ] making them promising gain materials. Li et al.…”

Section: Perovskite Gain Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Halide Perovskites for Laser Applications

Lei

Dong

Gündoğdu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

245

164

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Metal halide perovskites have drawn tremendous attention in optoelectronic applications owing to the rapid development in photovoltaic and light‐emitting diode devices. More recently, these materials are demonstrated as excellent gain media for laser applications due to their large absorption coefficient, low defect density, high charge carrier mobility, long carrier diffusion length, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and low Auger recombination rate. Despite the great progress in laser applications, the development of perovskite lasers is still in its infancy and the realization of electrically pumped lasers has not yet been demonstrated. To accelerate the development of perovskite‐based lasers, it is important to understand the fundamental photophysical characteristics of perovskite gain materials. Here, the structure and gain behavior in various perovskite materials are discussed. Then, the effects of charge carrier dynamics and electron–phonon interaction on population inversion in different types of perovskite materials are analyzed. Further, recent advances in perovskite‐based lasers are also highlighted. Finally, a perspective on perovskite material design is presented and the remaining challenges of perovskite lasers are discussed.

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“…Recently, researchers reported both amplified spontaneous emission and lasing at room temperature in quasi‐2D thin films [ 69,76–81 ] making them promising gain materials. Li et al.…”

Section: Perovskite Gain Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Halide Perovskites for Laser Applications

Lei

Dong

Gündoğdu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

245

164

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 22 ] Since then, there have been several reports on ASE and lasing in quasi‐2D perovskite materials. [ 24–26 ] It is demonstrated that a graded domain distribution is favorable for efficient energy funneling, [ 27,28 ] in which the amount of low‐bandgap acceptors is larger than the high‐bandgap donors. Thus, it is able to achieve high quantum yield as well as enhanced LED performance.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Energy Funneling in Quasi‐2D Perovskites: From Light Emission to Lasing

et al. 2020

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high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), wide wavelength tunability, and high color purity, [4][5][6] they have been attractive for light-emitting diode (LED) applications. Since the first demonstration of perovskite LEDs in 2014, [7] the device external quantum efficiency (EQE) has risen rapidly from 0.1% [7] to ≈20%, [2,4,8] and the efficiency enhancements are mainly attributed to passivation and compositional engineering, [2,8] improved charge balance by optimization of device structure, [9] and efficient light extraction. [4] More recently, these materials are considered as optical gain medium for lasers. In 2014, the first amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) was observed from CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 thin films with a threshold of 12 µJ cm −2 and a gain of 250 cm −1 , which is ascribed to the large absorption coefficient, low bulk defect density, and slow Auger recombination rate. [10] These ASE threshold and gain values are comparable to the state of art gain media such as colloidal quantum dots [11] and organic thin films. [12] Since then, optically pumped lasers have been demonstrated based on various microcavity structures such as Fabry-Pérot cavities, [13,14] distributed feedback (DFB) gratings, [3,15] and whispering gallery cavities. [16] The flexibility of fabricating hybrid perovskite lasers using solution-processed methods enables large-scale production and is attractive for the realization of on-chip integration of photonic circuits. [17] Quasi-2D perovskites, which are also known as Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites, are mixed phases of 2D and 3D nanocrystals. In the mixture, 2D domains exhibit quantumwell-like electronic properties with strong exciton binding energy due to the reduced dimensionality. [18] Typically, the 2D perovskite (A') 2 A n−1 B n X 3n+1 domains consist of multilayers of BX 6 octahedra separated by intercalating ammonium cations A', which is too large to fit into the crystal structure and hinder the growth of 3D ABX 3 crystals (A = methylammonium (MA + ), formamidinium (FA + ), or Cs + , B = Pb 2+ , and X = I − , Br − , Cl − ). As a result, the number of layers determine the bandgap of 2D quantum-well-like domains. [19] Different from 3D perovskites, thin films of qausi-2D perovskites typically contain a mixture of domains with different layers. Within such inhomogenous Quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper halide perovskites with a large exciton binding energy, self-assembled quantum wells, and high quantum yield draw attention for optoelectronic device applications. Thin films of these quasi-2D perovskites consist of a mixture of domains having different dimensionality, allowing energy funneling from lower-dimensional nanosheets (high-bandgap domains) to 3D nanocrystals (low-bandgap domains). High-quality quasi-2D perovskite (PEA) 2 (FA) 3 Pb 4 Br 13 films are fabricated by solution engineering. Grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements are conducted to study the crystal orientation, and transient absorption spectroscopy measurements are conducted to study the charge-carr...

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“…Recently, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and lasing behaviors of 2D RPPs have been demonstrated . However, the lasing is mostly obtained from solution‐processed spin‐coated thin films, in which multiple RPP components inevitably form with different bandgaps that drive cascade carrier transfer and may reshape the build‐up of population inversion .…”

Section: Auger Decay Lifetime (τAuger) At High Excitation Fluence (P mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated 2D Homologous Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Engineered by Inorganic Layer Thickness

et al. 2019

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approach to realize new functionalities through facile van der Waals coupled 2D layers. [6] Owing to the large dielectric mismatch between the inorganic and organic layers, the quasi-2D RPPs naturally form quantum well structures, in which, the inorganic and organic layers serve as potential wells and barriers, respectively. [7] Moreover, these quantum confined structures impart the appealing characteristics of improved environmental stability and enhanced exciton confinement. [2] These make the quasi-2D RPPs promising for solar cell and light-emitting diode (LED) applications. [5,[8][9][10] Recently, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and lasing behaviors of 2D RPPs have been demonstrated. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, the lasing is mostly obtained from solution-processed spin-coated thin films, in which multiple RPP components inevitably form with different bandgaps that drive cascade carrier transfer and may reshape the build-up of population inversion. [11,14,15,18] Also, the development of continuous-wave or electrically driven RPP lasers central for practical applications is still challenging. The exploitation of homologous RPP lasers is of great importance to gain further insights into the intrinsic lasing mechanisms of these quantum well-like structures as well as the design of low-threshold 2D 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) have aroused growing attention in light harvesting and emission applications owing to their high environmental stability. Recently, coherent light emission of RPPs was reported, however mostly from inhomologous thin films that involve cascade intercompositional energy transfer. Lasing and fundamental understanding of intrinsic laser dynamics in homologous RPPs free from intercompositional energy transfer is still inadequate. Herein, the lasing and loss mechanisms of homologous 2D (BA) 2 (MA) n −1 Pb n I 3n+1 RPP thin flakes mechanically exfoliated from the bulk crystal are reported. Multicolor lasing is achieved from the large-n RPPs (n ≥ 3) in the spectral range of 620-680 nm but not from small-n RPPs (n ≤ 2) even down to 78 K. With decreasing n, the lasing threshold increases significantly and the characteristic temperature decreases as 49, 25, and 20 K for n = 5, 4, and 3, respectively. The n-engineered lasing behaviors are attributed to the stronger Auger recombination and exciton-phonon interaction as a result of the enhanced quantum confinement in the smaller-n perovskites. These results not only advance the fundamental understanding of loss mechanisms in both inhomologous and homologous RPP lasers but also provide insights into developing low-threshold, substrate-free, and multicolor 2D semiconductor microlasers.2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs), with the general chemical formula of L 2 (MA) n−1 M n X 3n+1 , are composed of welldefined inorganic layers with corner connected [MX 6 ] 4− octahedra and long organic chains (L + ) intercalated between these inorganic fragments. [1][2][3][4][5] This structure promises a viable

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Distributed Feedback Lasers and Light-Emitting Diodes Using 1-Naphthylmethylamnonium Low-Dimensional Perovskite

Cited by 60 publications

References 26 publications

Metal Halide Perovskites for Laser Applications

Metal Halide Perovskites for Laser Applications

Efficient Energy Funneling in Quasi‐2D Perovskites: From Light Emission to Lasing

Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated 2D Homologous Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Engineered by Inorganic Layer Thickness

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