“…In this section, we first elaborate the traditional survivability techniques designed for optical sensing, such as the fiber bus protection scheme [40,41,42,43,44,45] and self-healing architecture [46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53]. Then, we elaborate the traditional survivability techniques that can be applied in OSNs, such as 1 + 1 protection and extensions [54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72], the photonic millimeter-wave bridge scheme [73,74,75,76,77,78], the p-cycle scheme [79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97], the p-polyhedron scheme [98,99,100,101,102,103,…”