Distribution and characters of the mud diapirs and mud volcanoes off southwest Taiwan

Chen, Song Chuen; Hsu, Shu Kun; Wang, Yunshuen; Chung, Shyh‐Jong; Chen, Po Chun; Tsai, Chia-Wei; Liu, Char‐Shine; Huang, Ling; Lee, Yuan Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.10.009

Cited by 93 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In the offshore area of SW Taiwan, high sedimentation rates from 0.7 -4.5 mm yr -1 were derived , which favors the development of mud diapirs (Sun and Liu 1993;Liu et al 1997;Chen et al 2014). We suppose that a high sedimentation rate has also contributed to the Fangliao Slide.…”

Section: Slope Failure Due To Dissociation Of Gas Hydratementioning

confidence: 88%

“…In contrast, the upper slope domain shows relatively smooth seafloor but is characterized by the steeply dipping beds and chaotic seismic structures Lin et al 2009). Thus, the tectonics of the lower slope domain is more active, though gas venting, mud volcanoes and diapiric structures exist in the upper slope domain (Sun and Liu 1993;Chiu et al 2006;Chen et al 2010Chen et al , 2014Hsu et al 2013a, b).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Fangliao Canyon cuts the shelf edge and its channel is constrained by mud diapirs (Fig. 1) (Hsu et al 2013a;Chen et al 2014;Doo et al 2015). Connecting to the Kaoping River in SW Taiwan (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on MCS (multi-channel seismic reflection) profiles, there is a wide distribution of BSR (Bottom Simulating Reflector due to the reverse acoustic impedance) in the offshore area of SW Taiwan, suggesting enormous gas hydrate deposits may exist beneath the seabed off SW Taiwan ( Fig. 1) Chen et al 2014). …”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The active continental margin off SW Taiwan is characterized by accretionary wedges, numerous submarine canyons across the continental slope (Liu et al 1997(Liu et al , 2004), a few kilometers thick sedimentary deposits Hsu et al 2013a), numerous active mud diapirs and mud volcanoes, and gas seeps (Sun and Liu 1993;Liu et al 1997;Chiu et al 2006;Chen et al 2010Chen et al , 2014Hsu et al 2013bHsu et al , 2018. A disastrous tsunami hitting the coastal area of southwest Taiwan in 1781 was reported (Chen 1830;Hsu 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fangliao Slide — a large slope failure in the upper Kaoping Slope off southwest Taiwan

Chen

Tsai²,

Hsu³

et al. 2018

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Based on seismic reflection profiles and multi-beam bathymetric data, a large submarine landslide named Fangliao Slide is mapped for the first time off SW Taiwan. The Fangliao Slide occurred on the continental slope to the west of the Fangliao Canyon at water depths between 420 and 900 m. The seafloor of the Fangliao Slide has a gentle slope angle (~1 -2°). The landslide covers an area of ~15 km length and ~10 km width and a volume of ~26 km 3 . The headwall of the landslide has ~30 m vertical offset at the southern flank of mud diapir MD7-1, and the sidewalls are bounded by fault A in the west and faults C and D in the east. The sliding area is composed of five bathymetric terraces, indicating that the slope failures have occurred several times. The Fangliao Slide can be divided into an upper domain and a lower domain, separated at the water depth of ~600 m where the gas hydrate off SW Taiwan becomes dissociate. The initial slope failure of the Fangliao Slide was probably linked to mud diapirism of MD7-1 and the slope failure in the lower domain was probably augmented by the gas hydrate dissociation. The seafloor morphology in the lower domain is therefore more corrugated than in the upper domain.

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Section: Slope Failure Due To Dissociation Of Gas Hydratementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fangliao Slide — a large slope failure in the upper Kaoping Slope off southwest Taiwan

Chen

Tsai²,

Hsu³

et al. 2018

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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What caused the mysterious eighteenth century tsunami that struck the southwest Taiwan coast?

Switzer

Wang

et al. 2015

Geophys. Res. Lett.

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Several different historical records allude to a disastrous tsunami on the southwestern Taiwan coast sometime between 1781 and 1782, with a reported death toll of more than 40,000. Despite consistent reports from southwest Taiwan, no corroborative information exists for neighboring shorelines in southeast China or northwest Luzon, Philippines, and a plausible source of this tsunami has never been identified. Neither a large earthquake from the Manila trench and active thrust faults nor a submarine volcanic eruption from the northern Luzon Arc can explain the very localized area affected and the physical phenomena described in the historical records. Comparing the results of 13 numerical models of tsunamis generated from different sources (earthquake, volcano, and submarine mass failure), we therefore suggest that a seismically triggered, submarine mass failure on the upper portion of the continental slope offshore from southwestern Taiwan is the most likely source of the eighteenth century event.

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Production, consumption, and migration of methane in accretionary prism of southwestern Taiwan

Chen

Yang

Hong

et al. 2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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To systematically quantify the production, consumption, and migration of methane, 210 sediment cores were collected from offshore southwestern Taiwan and analyzed for their gas and aqueous geochemistry. These data, combined with published results, were used to calculate the diffusive methane fluxes across different geochemical transitions and to develop scenarios of mass balance and constrain deep microbial and thermogenic methane production rates within the accretionary prism. The results showed that methane diffusive fluxes ranged from 2.71 × 10−3 to 2.78 × 10−1 and from –1.88 × 10−1 to 3.97 mmol m−2 d−1 at the sulfate‐methane‐transition‐zone (SMTZ) and sediment‐seawater interfaces, respectively. High methane fluxes tend to be associated with structural features, suggesting a strong structural control on the methane transport. A significant portion of ascending methane (>50%) is consumed by anaerobic oxidation of methane at the SMTZ at most sites, indicating effective biological filtration. Gas compositions and isotopes revealed a transition from the predominance of microbial methane in the passive margin to thermogenic methane at the upper slope of the active margin and onshore mud volcanoes. Methane production and consumption at shallow depths were nearly offset with a small fraction of residual methane discharged into seawater. The flux imbalance arose primarily due to the larger production of methane through deep microbial and thermogenic processes at a magnitude of 1512–43,096 Tg Myr−1 and could be likely accounted for by the sequestration of methane into hydrate forms, and clay absorption.

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Distribution and characters of the mud diapirs and mud volcanoes off southwest Taiwan

Cited by 93 publications

References 54 publications

Fangliao Slide — a large slope failure in the upper Kaoping Slope off southwest Taiwan

Fangliao Slide — a large slope failure in the upper Kaoping Slope off southwest Taiwan

What caused the mysterious eighteenth century tsunami that struck the southwest Taiwan coast?

Production, consumption, and migration of methane in accretionary prism of southwestern Taiwan

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