Distribution and population status of rare plant species in the Marmarosh Mountains (Ukrainian Carpathians)

Kobiv, Yuriy; Prokopiv, Andriy; Nachychko, Viktor O.; Borsukevych, L. M.; Helesh, M.

doi:10.15407/ukrbotj74.02.163

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As stated by Dahl [15], it is maximum summer temperature that shapes the distribution of cold-demanding species at the trailing edge. The declining trend of the only existing in the Ukrainian Carpathians population of a cold-demanding species Veronica bellidioides (Figure 3d) proves that it is at the brink of extinction in the region [32] which is in line with the data from the Sudeten Mts [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Trends in Population Size of Rare Plant Species in the Alpine Habitats of the Ukrainian Carpathians under Climate Change

Kobiv

2018

Diversity

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Population trends in rare alpine plant species in the high-mountain zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians are described with regard to the types of habitats where they occur. Populations of cold-adapted species confined to snowbeds, alpine screes, poorly vegetated rocks, and the highest ridges, as well as mires and springs, are very vulnerable to climate change, while their habitats tend to shrink. The direct impact of warming affects mainly the most cryophilic species. Another driver of changes is climate-induced succession that results in denser vegetation cover and encroachment of more thermophilic plants, which replace low-competitive rare alpine species. Their replacement is largely caused by the loss of open microsites suitable for seed recruitment. However, the climate-driven decrease of snow cover often leads to frost damage to vegetation that provides gaps appropriate for the establishment of many rare species. One of the groups of species that benefit from warming includes rather thermophilic tall herbs that are more common in the subalpine zone but have been actively spreading at higher altitudes lately.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Trends in Population Size of Rare Plant Species in the Alpine Habitats of the Ukrainian Carpathians under Climate Change

Kobiv

2018

Diversity

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“…Поряд із корекцією світлового режиму, оцінювали вплив на функціонування асиміляційного апарату джерела карбону (10 г/л сахарози або 3 г/л маніту) у складі живильного середовища МС/2 (середовище MС [6] -вміст хлорофілів впливає на спектральні властивості листка, особливо, в ділянці поглинання червоних хвиль діапазону ФАР [4]. G. lutea є високогірним таксоном, природні популяції якого зростають у «холодній зоні» субальпійського поясу Українських Карпат [7], Піреней та Малої Азії [8]. В Українських Карпатах протягом вегетаційного періоду кількість днів із середньодобовою температурою +15 ºС не перевищує 60-70, внесок прямої радіації у сумарну є меншим 40% (1234 МДж/м²) і навіть влітку через значну хмарність не досягає середнього рівня, характерного для інших територій [9].…”

Section: Wл Sw Nunclassified

Induction of chlorophyll fluorescence use for assessment of functioning of Gentiana lutea L. plants photosynthetic apparatus in different conditions of culturing in vitro

Hrytsak¹,

Herts²,

Herts³

et al. 2019

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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Aim. To study the peculiarities of functioning of photosynthetic apparatus of Gentiana lutea L. plants in vitro under different light qualities and source of carbon in the composition of nutrient medium by using the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence (ICF) method. Methods. Chlorophyll fluorescence was determined in light-adapted leaves of cultivated in vitro G. lutea plants by use of PAM fluorometry MultispeQ. The parameters change of photosynthetic apparatus functioning of cultivated in vitro plants was assessed with regard to light qualities (Variant 1: light intensity – 85 W/m2, when different spectra combinations of blue-wave band (Еb) and green-wave band (Еg) and red-wave band (Еr) was 33% : 42% : 25%; Variant 2: light intensity – 100 W/m2, with wave bands of spectra – Еb : Еg : Еr = 25% : 27% : 48%) and the source of carbon (10 g/l of sucrose or 3 g/l of mannite) in the composition of nutrient medium МS/2 (MS medium with half amount of macro- and microsalts), supplemented with 0.1mg/l of kinetin. Results. It was established that G. lutea plants cultivated in vitro for 90 days in light conditions of Variant 2 had a quantum yield photochemical of PS ІІ 8.3 % higher in comparison to G. lutea specimens cultured in light conditions of Variant 1. The vitality value of Variant 2 plants was 23 % higher. Change of carbon source in the composition of nutrient medium from sucrose (10 g/l) to mannite (3 g/l) was both increasing the efficiency of functioning of photosynthetic apparatus of Gentiana lutea L. plants in vitro and activating their resistance mechanisms to water deficit. Conclusions. The ICF method use shows that functioning of photosynthetic apparatus of G. lutea plants in vitro depends different qualities light and source of carbon in the composition of nutrient medium. Key words: induction of chlorophyll a fluorescence, plants in vitro, Gentiana lutea L.

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“…При цьому мінімально допустимий діапазон інтенсивності ФАР, за якого вегетативні органи ще здатні рости, становить 15-30 Вт/м 2 ; оптимальна для сціофітів інтенсивність світлового потоку 70 Вт/м 2 , а для геліофітів її діапазон коливається в межах 150-220 Вт/м 2 (Govorov et al, 2011). Рідкісний вид G. lutea -високогірний таксон, природні по-пуляції якого зростають у «холодній зоні» субальпійського поя-су Українських Карпат (Kobiv et al, 2017), Піренеїв та Малої Азії (Rossi et al, 2015). В Українських Карпатах протягом вегетацій-ного періоду кількість днів із середньодобовою температурою +15 ºС не перевищує 60-70, внесок прямої радіації в сумарну -менший 40% (1234 МДж/м²) і навіть влітку через значну хмар-ність не досягає середнього рівня, характерного для інших тери-торій (Rybchenko & Savchuk, 2015).…”

Section: вступunclassified

The influence of light regime on the growth data and pigment composition of the plant Gentiana lutea cultured in vitro

Hrytsak

Herts

Nuzhyna

et al. 2018

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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New technologies of reintroduction of plant species presuppose implementing both traditional and biotechnological methods for obtaining certain planting materials. However, plants cultivated in vitro exist in specific conditions that lead to changes in their structural and functional state. This explains why it is hard for them to adapt to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Therefore, there is a need for the development of a multistage method of cultivating in vitro plants that would make the influence on their adaptive mechanism in ex vitro and in situ conditions possible. One of its stages is the optimization of the light regime of cultivation which can both initiate the change of the state of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and increase their bioproductivity stimulating the work of their protective system. This work studies changes in the morphogenesis, growth data and pigment composition of the rare species of Gentiana lutea L. of three populations in the Ukrainian Carpathian (mountains Pozhyzhevska and Sheshul-Pavlyk, plateau Lemska) in vitro focusing particularly on the cultivation light regime. The research has proved the inefficiency of using fluorescent lamps of daylight lamps (LD) type as source of illumination because the low intensity of luminous flux in the area of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), as well as high proportion of wavelength of blue (400–500 nm) and green (500–600 nm) range in the spectrum cause specific reactions of photomorphogenesis, which, despite the high content of pigments in plastids, lead to poor development of root systems, stretching the stems, formation of small leaves with thin leaflet plate, generally low productivity and low adaptive potential of G. lutea plants to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Complement of cold white light lamps to the fluorescent lamps LD type in the ratio of 1 : 1 enables one to increase the intensity of illumination in the field of PAR and raise the fraction of wavelength of red range (600–700 nm). Such light conditions both improve the bio-productivity of G. lutea plants of all three populations cultured in vitro in comparison to the LD type regimen, reducing the content of chlorophyll b and carotenoids in light-harvesting complexes of photosystems and facilitate an increase in the microclonal multiplication factor without using higher concentrations of exogenous growth regulators,which significantly reduces the cost of the process of obtaining planting materials. It was proved that a combination of LD type lamps, cold white light lamps and phytolamps in the ratio 1 : 1 : 0.6 should be used on the final stages of preparation of the planting material of G. lutea before transferring it to ex vitro and in situ conditions. This relates to the fact that the increase of the wavelength of the red range results in the widening of the active surface of the leaves, rise in the content of photosynthetic pigments, and the noticeable growth of the aboveground and underground parts of the plants. The article assumes that the use of such illumination mode will ensure a faster transition of cultured in vitro G. lutea plants from heterotrophic to autotrophic nutrition, improving their adaptive potential and enabling easier adaptation to non-sterile ex vitro and in situ conditions.

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Distribution and population status of rare plant species in the Marmarosh Mountains (Ukrainian Carpathians)

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Trends in Population Size of Rare Plant Species in the Alpine Habitats of the Ukrainian Carpathians under Climate Change

Trends in Population Size of Rare Plant Species in the Alpine Habitats of the Ukrainian Carpathians under Climate Change

Induction of chlorophyll fluorescence use for assessment of functioning of Gentiana lutea L. plants photosynthetic apparatus in different conditions of culturing in vitro

The influence of light regime on the growth data and pigment composition of the plant Gentiana lutea cultured in vitro

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