DISTRIBUTION AND RECYCLING OF CANOPY NITROGEN STORAGE RESERVES IN SWEET CHERRY (Prunus avium) FRUITING BRANCHES FOLLOWING 15N-UREA FOLIAR APPLICATIONS AFTER HARVEST

Ayala, Marlene; Banãdos, Pilar; Thielemann, M; Toro, R. Del

doi:10.4067/s0718-16202014000100007

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Fruits and ES imported 15 N from FS leaves, but the fruits were stronger sinks than were ES at SIII. N demand by developing sweet cherry fruits at SI was described by Ayala et al (2014) and Rivera et al (2016) in the combination 'Bing'/'GI 6' after foliar and soil applications. In the present study, the highest recovery of foliar 15 N applied to pruned 4-year-old branches during SIII was mostly observed in fruits; however, the ES of these branches imported more 15 N than did the ES of unpruned branches, which suggests some degree of competition for this nutrient (Khemira et al, 1998;Millard and Neilsen, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of sweet cherry fruit and the elongation of ES occur in a short period (<60-75 d) and generate a strong demand for photoassimilates and other nutrients (Ayala et al, 2014;Ayala andLang, 2008, 2015;Keller and Loescher, 1989;Whiting, 2005). During this period, leaves and storage reserves are sources of photoassimilates and N for the growth of reproductive and vegetative sinks (Ayala, 2004;Loescher et al, 1990;Ouzounis and Lang, 2011;Rivera et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sweet cherry, N uptake commonly occurs through roots (Khemira et al, 1998), although foliar applications after harvest are also important to support flower and fruit growth early in the season (Ayala et al, 2014;Rivera et al, 2016). In the combination 'Bing'/'GI 6', soil and foliar N applications promote early spring growth of the buds, flowers, fruits, and young leaves of spurs and ES (Lang, 2001(Lang, , 2005Rivera et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the combination 'Bing'/'GI 6', soil and foliar N applications promote early spring growth of the buds, flowers, fruits, and young leaves of spurs and ES (Lang, 2001(Lang, , 2005Rivera et al, 2016). Ayala et al (2014) reported that foliar application of 15 N-urea after harvest influenced N storage reserves in floral buds for the subsequent spring. Similarly, Ouzounis and Lang (2011) reported an increase in N level in reproductive spurs after foliar applications of urea during fall and reported a subsequent increase in leaf size during the following spring.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Branches were enclosed in transparent polyethylene chambers and 13 CO 2 was applied in pulses of 15 min from 1000 to 1200 HR of a sunny day. Twenty-four hours later, the same FS leaves received a 15 N-urea application following the protocol used by Ayala et al (2014). Leaves were painted for both sides with a solution of 15 N-urea (10% atom 15 N; 1.5%).…”

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Effect of Prebloom Pruning on 13C and 15N Distribution during Early Spring in Sweet Cherry

Ayala

Mora

Maestre

2018

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In sweet cherry, highly advanced dwarf combinations using ‘Gisela’ rootstocks promote higher productivity than do more vigorous combinations but require maintaining the leaf area to fruit area (LA:F) ratio. An experiment using double isotopic enrichment with 13C and 15N was carried out in 5-year-old ‘Bing’/‘GI 6’ trees in a commercial orchard located in Santa Cruz, Chile (34°39′S; 71°19′W), and characterized by a Mediterranean climate. Forty whole sweet cherry trees (TR1) trained as central axes were pruned in winter [July 20, 60 days before full bloom (DBFB)] and another 40 trees were left without pruning (TR2). A single 13CO2 pulse and 15N-urea application to the mature leaves of individual 4-year-old branches on trees of both TRs was carried out during stage III (SIII). Winter pruning reduced yield by 44%, improved fruit quality [i.e., size, weight, and soluble solids content (SSC)] and induced the growth of extension shoots (ES) (i.e., number, length, and LA). For both TRs, fruits were stronger sinks for 13C-photoassimilates and 15N than were ES. ES of pruned trees had higher sink strength than ES of unpruned trees. Pruned trees developed more ES that were longer and that had higher LA compared with the ES of unpruned trees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Prebloom Pruning on 13C and 15N Distribution during Early Spring in Sweet Cherry

Ayala

Mora

Maestre

2018

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Different responses of ash and beech on nitrate versus ammonium leaf labeling

Sommer

Dippold

Kuzyakov

2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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The effects of tree species on the N cycle in forest systems are still under debate. However, contradicting results of different 15 N labeling techniques of trees and N tracers in the individual studies hamper a generalized mechanistic view. Therefore, we compared Ca( 15 NO 3 ) 2 and 15 NH 4 Cl leaf-labeling method to investigate: (1) N allocation patterns from aboveground to belowground, (2) the cycles of N in soil-plant systems, and (3) to allow the production of highly 15 N enriched litter for subsequent decomposition studies. 20 beeches (Fagus sylvatica) and 20 ashes (Fraxinus excelsior) were 15 N pulse labeled from aboveground with Ca( 15 NO 3 ) 2 and 40 beeches and 40 ashes were 15 N pulse labeled from aboveground with 15 NH 4 Cl. 15 N was quantified in tree compartments (leaves, stem, roots) and in soil after 8 d. Beech and ash incorporated generally more 15 N from the applied 15 NH 4 Cl compared to Ca( 15 NO 3 ) 2 in all measured compartments, except for ash leaves. Ash had highest 15 N incorporation [45% of the applied with Ca( 15 NO 3 ) 2 ] in its leaves. Both tree species kept over 90% of all fixed 15 N from Ca( 15 NO 3 ) in their leaves, whereas only 50% of the 15 N from the 15 NH 4 Cl tracer remained in the leaves and 50% were allocated to stem, roots, and soil. There was no damage of the leaves by both salts, and thus both 15 N tracers enable long-term labeling in situ field studies on N rhizodeposition and allocation in soils. Nonetheless, the 15 N incorporation by both salts was species specific: the leaf labeling with 15 NH 4 Cl results in a more homogenous distribution between the tree compartments in both tree species and, therefore, 15 NH 4 Cl is more appropriate for allocation studies. The leaf labeling with Ca( 15 NO 3 ) 2 is a suitable tool to produce highly enriched 15 N leaf litter for further long term in situ decomposition and turnover studies.

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Nitrogen fertilization of stone fruits: a comprehensive review

Chawla,

Kumar Sharma

2024

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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DISTRIBUTION AND RECYCLING OF CANOPY NITROGEN STORAGE RESERVES IN SWEET CHERRY (Prunus avium) FRUITING BRANCHES FOLLOWING 15N-UREA FOLIAR APPLICATIONS AFTER HARVEST

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Prebloom Pruning on 13C and 15N Distribution during Early Spring in Sweet Cherry

Effect of Prebloom Pruning on 13C and 15N Distribution during Early Spring in Sweet Cherry

Different responses of ash and beech on nitrate versus ammonium leaf labeling

Nitrogen fertilization of stone fruits: a comprehensive review

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