Distribution and risk assessment of radionuclides released by Fukushima nuclear accident at the northwest Pacific

Ye, Wen; He, Jizhou; Lin, Wen‐Wei; Li, Yiliang; Men, Wu; Wang, Fenfen; Huang, Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.01.005

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…(90) In addition to the literature on land-based accidents, there is a robust literature on past marine releases, including submarine sinkings, release in marine environments from U.K. and French reprocessing plants and, more recently, from the marine release at Fukushima. (89)(90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100)(101) The overarching conclusion in this literature is that the long-term impact of marine release on marine biota and human food sources has been much lower than that found in large land-based releases. There remains uncertainty about the very long-term impacts on both aquatic and terrestrial biota from low-level radioactive contamination.…”

Section: Marine Accident Consequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Cost, Safety, and Proliferation Risks of Small Floating Nuclear Reactors

2017

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It is hard to see how our energy system can be decarbonized if the world abandons nuclear power, but equally hard to introduce the technology in nonnuclear energy states. This is especially true in countries with limited technical, institutional, and regulatory capabilities, where safety and proliferation concerns are acute. Given the need to achieve serious emissions mitigation by mid-century, and the multidecadal effort required to develop robust nuclear governance institutions, we must look to other models that might facilitate nuclear plant deployment while mitigating the technology's risks. One such deployment paradigm is the build-own-operate-return model. Because returning small land-based reactors containing spent fuel is infeasible, we evaluate the cost, safety, and proliferation risks of a system in which small modular reactors are manufactured in a factory, and then deployed to a customer nation on a floating platform. This floating small modular reactor would be owned and operated by a single entity and returned unopened to the developed state for refueling. We developed a decision model that allows for a comparison of floating and land-based alternatives considering key International Atomic Energy Agency plant-siting criteria. Abandoning onsite refueling is beneficial, and floating reactors built in a central facility can potentially reduce the risk of cost overruns and the consequences of accidents. However, if the floating platform must be built to military-grade specifications, then the cost would be much higher than a land-based system. The analysis tool presented is flexible, and can assist planners in determining the scope of risks and uncertainty associated with different deployment options.

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Section: Marine Accident Consequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Cost, Safety, and Proliferation Risks of Small Floating Nuclear Reactors

2017

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“…The highest concentration of 137 Cs in the seawater monitoring results were input in the assessment as the environment concentration and the parameters of distribution coefficient (Kd), concentration ratio (CR), dose conversion coefficient of radiation, occupancy factors, uncertainty factor were set as the default value in ERICA Tool. The weighing factors of internal low beta, internal beta/gamma and internal alpha were set as 3.1 and 20 (Yu et al, 2015).…”

Section: April 2017) Isotope 137mentioning

confidence: 99%

Present Status of Marine Radioecology in Bali and Lombok Waters: Distribution Study of 137Cs and Natural Radionuclides in Lombok Strait

Putra

Suseno

2017

omni.akua

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Lombok strait is outflow of water masses from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean by Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). Radioecology studies in these waters were including monitoring of natural and artificial radionuclide. This study aims to obtain baseline data of artificial radionuclide 137Cs that entering from the Pacific Ocean through the Makassar Strait. The sampling location were covered territorial waters of Bali and Lombok. A large volume sample preparation for the 137Cs analysis were performed by co-precipitation process using K4Fe(CN)6 and CuCl2 at pH 8-9. Measurement of the concentration activity of natural radionuclides and 137Cs were using Gamma HPGe spectrometer with 20 – 25 % efficiency. The result of this study indicate the average concentration of 40K 226Ra 212Pb 214Bi 228Ac 214Pb and 137Cs in the sediments of Strait Bali waters respectively 165.16 Bq kg-1, 25.11 Bq kg-1, 8.36 Bq kg-1, 7.51 Bq kg-1, 7.05 Bq kg-1, 6.68 Bq kg-1 and the lowest of 0.15 Bq kg-1. In the waters of Lombok concentration activity of radionuclides 40K 226Ra 212Pb 214Bi 228Ac 214Pb and 137Cs in the sediments was 172.00 Bq kg-1, 25.88 Bq kg-1, 10.10 Bq kg-1, 6.50 Bq kg-1, 6.39 Bq kg-1, 5.70 Bq kg-1 and 0,162 Bq kg-1. The concentration activity of 137Cs in seawater of Bali and Lombok respectively was 0.113 Bq m-3 and 0.644 Bq m-3. Keyword : Natural Radionuclide, 137Cs, Lombok Strait

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“…A large amount of research has been conducted to determine the level of artificial radionuclides in biota samples and to assess the relevant radiological impact on both human and marine species. However, most studies have focused on the concentration of radiocesium in fish (Johansen et al, 2015;Wada et al, 2016), and only a few publications have reported on radionuclides in other marine species (Buesseler et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2015). Few data are available for open-ocean locations as compared to coastal areas, especially from 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial radionuclides in neon flying squid from the northwestern Pacific in 2011 following the Fukushima accident

Johansen

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. In order to better understand the impact of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident on a commercial marine species, neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) samples obtained from the northwestern Pacific in November 2011 were analyzed for a range of artificial and natural radionuclides (Cs-134, Cs-137, Ag-110m, U-238, Ra-226, and K-40). Short-lived radionuclides Cs-134 and Ag-110m released from the FDNPP accident were found in the samples, with an extremely high water-to-organism concentration ratio for Ag-110m (>2.9×104). While accident-derived radionuclides were present, their associated dose rates for the squid were far lower than the relevant benchmark of 10 µGy h−1. For human consumers ingesting these squid, the dose contribution from natural radionuclides, including Po-210, was far greater (>99.9 %) than that of Fukushima-accident radionuclides (<0.1 %). The whole-body to tissue and whole-body to gut concentration ratios were calculated and reported, providing a simple method to estimate the whole-body concentration in environmental monitoring programs, and filling a data gap for concentration ratios in cephalopods. Our results help fill data gaps in uptake of nuclear power plant radionuclides in the commercially important Cephalopoda class and add to scarce data on open-ocean nekton in the northwestern Pacific shortly after the Fukushima accident.

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Distribution and risk assessment of radionuclides released by Fukushima nuclear accident at the northwest Pacific

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluating the Cost, Safety, and Proliferation Risks of Small Floating Nuclear Reactors

Evaluating the Cost, Safety, and Proliferation Risks of Small Floating Nuclear Reactors

Present Status of Marine Radioecology in Bali and Lombok Waters: Distribution Study of 137Cs and Natural Radionuclides in Lombok Strait

Artificial radionuclides in neon flying squid from the northwestern Pacific in 2011 following the Fukushima accident

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