Distribution and seasonality of rhinovirus and other respiratory viruses in a cross-section of asthmatic children in Trinidad, West Indies

Matthew, Jason; Pereira, Lexley M Pinto; Pappas, T.E.; Swenson, Cheri A.; Grindle, Kristine A.; Roberg, K.A.; Lemanske, Robert F.; Lee, Wai Ming; Gern, James E.

doi:10.1186/1824-7288-35-16

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Interestingly, our new findings establish a functional relationship between ehrlichial TRPs, the TAL proteins of plant pathogens of the genera Xanthomonas and Ralstonia, and FMBP-1 of the silkworm Bombyx mori (20,22,57). The TR domain mediates protein-DNA binding, and in Xanthomonas TAL effectors, each repeat unit is associated with the recognition of two nucleotides on the DNA strand (39). Although E. chaffeensis TRP120 has four tandem repeat units, we determined that a two-repeat unit of TRP120 could directly bind host DNA, demonstrating that the TR region contains a DNA-binding domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 Binds a G+C-Rich Motif in Host Cell DNA and Exhibits Eukaryotic Transcriptional Activator Function

et al. 2011

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Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular bacterium that modulates host cell gene transcription in the mononuclear phagocyte, but the host gene targets and mechanisms involved in transcriptional modulation are not well-defined. In this study, we identified a novel tandem repeat DNA-binding domain in the E. chaffeensis 120-kDa tandem repeat protein (TRP120) that directly binds host cell DNA. TRP120 was observed by immunofluorescent microscopy in the nucleus of E. chaffeensis-infected host cells and was detected in nuclear extracts by Western immunoblotting with TRP120-specific antibody. The TRP120 binding sites and associated host cell target genes were identified using high-throughput deep sequencing (Illumina) of immunoprecipitated DNA (chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput DNA sequencing). Multiple em motif elicitation (MEME) analysis of the most highly enriched TRP120-bound sequences revealed a G؉C-rich DNA motif, and recombinant TRP120 specifically bound synthetic oligonucleotides containing the motif. TRP120 target gene binding sites were mapped most frequently to intersecting regions (intron/exon; 49%) but were also identified in upstream regulatory regions (25%) and downstream locations (26%). Genes targeted by TRP120 were most frequently associated with transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and apoptosis. TRP120 targeted inflammatory chemokine genes, CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL11, which were strongly upregulated during E. chaffeensis infection and were also upregulated by direct transfection with recombinant TRP120. This study reveals that TRP120 is a novel DNA-binding protein that is involved in a host gene transcriptional regulation strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 Binds a G+C-Rich Motif in Host Cell DNA and Exhibits Eukaryotic Transcriptional Activator Function

et al. 2011

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“…Respiratory viral infections are the factor most strongly associated with precipitation of acute asthma exacerbations in various populations [36][37][38]. RVs are the predominant aetiological agents associated with exacerbations; however, other viruses, such as coronavirus, influenza virus, adenovirus, RSV and parainfluenza virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae have been also identified, although to a lesser extent [39].…”

Section: Infection Among Factors Precipitating Asthma Exacerbationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood asthma and infection: virus-induced exacerbations as determinants and modifiers: Figure 1–

Xepapadaki¹,

Papadopoulos²

2010

Eur Respir J

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Respiratory infections have been implicated in the origin and exacerbation of asthma in a variety of ways; however, systemisation of this knowledge in a way helpful for disease management remains suboptimal.Several conceptual issues need to be taken into account: the fact that the effects of an infection may vary according to genetic background, the current immune status of the host, and parallel environmental stimuli, in addition to the particular infectious agent itself. Moreover, childhood is a very special period because of the continuous processes taking place, such as neural, immune and respiratory maturation.Epidemiological studies have convincingly demonstrated that the majority of asthma exacerbations, in both adults and children, follow viral upper respiratory tract infections. Asthma exacerbations are still often unresponsive to current asthma treatment, and new therapeutic approaches are required.This review presents current knowledge on the associations between infection and exacerbation of established asthma with respect to definitions, epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment.

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“…Phylogenetically, RSV is the closest human virus to hMPV and coinfection with these two viruses in children suggests exacerbating bronchiolitis. Moreover, hMPV shares an overlapping spectrum with RSV and therefore, they cannot be distinguished by clinical manifestations (13,14). RSV and hMPV might have similar seasonal patterns; hence, their coinfection is possible and must be discriminated by especial laboratory tests (13,(15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Coinfection With Both in Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Infection in South of Iran

Moattari

Aleyasin

Fyruzi

et al. 2015

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Background: Viral infections are the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory dysfunction worldwide, especially in children under five years of age. Several studies have reported the association of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with acute respiratory infection. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hMPV, RSV, and their coinfection in children with respiratory symptoms hospitalized in Shiraz City, Fars Province, Iran. The study also attempted to determine the association between asthma and wheezing with hMPV, RSV, and coinfection with both in studied children. Patients and Methods:The study included 280 younger than five years old children with non-influenza infection that were hospitalized for respiratory infection from 2011 to 2013. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from patients and tested for RSV and hMPV with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: The hMPV and RSV were detected in 44 (15.7%) and 84 (30.0%) samples, respectively. Coinfection with both viruses was found in ten patients (3.57%). The incidence of hMPV and RSV infections were observed in children younger than one year old. Infections occurred predominantly from October to April. The most common clinical symptoms were bronchiolitis, wheezing, and cough. Conclusions: Infection with hMPV and RSV are most frequent infections among pediatric patients with respiratory tract symptoms. Coinfection with these viruses may exacerbate the clinical symptoms and increase hospitalization rates, especially in children younger than one year old.

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Distribution and seasonality of rhinovirus and other respiratory viruses in a cross-section of asthmatic children in Trinidad, West Indies

Cited by 46 publications

References 30 publications

Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 Binds a G+C-Rich Motif in Host Cell DNA and Exhibits Eukaryotic Transcriptional Activator Function

Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 Binds a G+C-Rich Motif in Host Cell DNA and Exhibits Eukaryotic Transcriptional Activator Function

Childhood asthma and infection: virus-induced exacerbations as determinants and modifiers: Figure 1–

The Prevalence of Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Coinfection With Both in Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Infection in South of Iran

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