Distribution, composition, and orientation of down deadwood in riparian old-growth woodlands of Zoar Valley Canyon, western New York State, USA

Pfeil, Erin; Casacchia, Nicole; Kerns, G. Jay; Diggins, Thomas P.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.12.001

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The role of dead wood in forest ecosystems can be divided into four interdependent categories (Stevens, 1997Kirby et al 1998). These refer to the preservation of biodiversity, the productivity of the tree stands, the geomorphology of the river beds and declivitous land, and the storage of carbon over long periods (Bütler et al 2007, Pfeil et al 2007.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dead wood diversity in a Norway spruce forest from the Calimani National Park (Eastern Carpathians)

Vlad

Sidor²,

Lucian³

et al. 2019

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The role of dead wood in forests encompasses the preservation of biodiversity, the productivity, and the storage of carbon. In this study, we aimed to investigate the variation of the dead wood volume in a subalpine Norway spruce forests. Using a regular grid, the size of the wood, ordered in a five-class scale for snags and logs and a six-class scale for stumps, was recorded. The relationship between the dead wood volume and site respectively stand characteristics by some predictive factors (stand age, altitude, human influence and site productivity) was modelled using mixed linear/nonlinear models. Dead wood volume (74.3 m3·ha-1) accounted for 18.3% of the volume (live trees and dead wood). Regarding the dead wood only, snags amounted to 44.8% of the volume and logs and stumps amounted to 46.5, and 8.7%, respectively. Snags (57.5% of the total) and logs (42.8%), were most common in the 2nd decay class, while stumps were most common in the 6th (51.2%). The distribution of the number of dead wood pieces, in terms of diameter, was obtained according to the Meyer theoretical distribution for snags and to the Gamma theoretical distribution for logs and stumps. This study completes the dead wood database from Norway spruce forests in the subalpine area to find the common features across the Carpathians Mountains. It contributes to the understanding of the dead wood dynamics in a young National Park, considering the year of establishment, consists of forests where forestry work was carried out and stands that were exempt from cutting.

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confidence: 99%

Dead wood diversity in a Norway spruce forest from the Calimani National Park (Eastern Carpathians)

Vlad

Sidor²,

Lucian³

et al. 2019

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“…Approximately half of this parcel has recently received effectively permanent conservation status. During studies of old-growth forest structure and dynamics in the MUA (Diggins & Kershner, 2005;Pfeil et al, 2007), we noted that headwater streams entering the canyon are numerous and closely spaced (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 90%

“…1). Zoar Valley's canyon slopes and fluvial terraces support old-growth broadleaf woodlands that are likely free from deliberate post-European-settlement disturbance (Diggins & Kershner, 2005;Pfeil et al, 2007) kilometer of canyon and surrounding uplands are contained within an 1185-ha New York State Multiple Use Area (MUA), a classification that denotes public lands with more than one projected use (e.g., park, game lands, nature preserve, etc.). Approximately half of this parcel has recently received effectively permanent conservation status.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and spatial influences on benthic community composition in wooded headwater streams in Zoar Valley, New York, USA

Diggins

Newman

2009

Hydrobiologia

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This study determined the relative influences of environmental variation versus spatial autocorrelation on benthic macroinvertebrate community composition of temperate headwater streams. We enumerated fauna in riffle zones of 23 separate (i.e., not tributaries to each other) but closely grouped from first-to third-order woodland streams surrounding Zoar Valley Canyon, western New York State, USA, during spring, summer, and fall of 2006. Watershed geomorphology (stream order, catchment area, and forest cover) and semi-quantitative habitat characteristics, the latter of which were incorporated into a Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI), were also recorded for each stream. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) ordination was used to establish patterns of biotic similarity among these streams. Matrices of biological and environmental Euclidean distances were constructed for all betweenstream pairings. Additionally, a between-stream spatial matrix was constructed based on global position system coordinates of sampling sites. Non-significant partial Mantel coefficients indicated that biological distances were uncorrelated with spatial distances both among all 23 study streams and among 12 first-order streams only. In contrast, biological distances were positively correlated with environmental distances (r M = 0.375 and 0.289 for all streams and for firstorder streams only, respectively; P values \ 0.05). Environmental and spatial distances were uncorrelated (partial Mantel P values [ 0.05), indicating that the measured environmental characteristics were not spatially structured. Each of the geomorphological and habitat variables was statistically associated with NMDS community composition axes (stepwise multiple regression, one-factor MANOVA). These results suggest that environmental filters and niche-based species sorting may operate here between separate streams, and that study sites appear to be effectively insular in their biota despite close physical proximity.

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“…Some research is available on disturbance regimes specific to riparian old growth northern hardwoodconifer forests, but it is limited mostly to middle-and high-order streams with little attention to forest structure (Johnson et al 1995;Hughes and Cass 1997). Research in old-growth riparian forests in the Zoar Valley along Cattaraugus Creek (a sixth-order, low-gradient river) in New York shows an association between prevailing wind direction and orientation of large woody debris (Pfeil et al 2007) but did not further explore relationships among topography, wind disturbance, and forest structure within this ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatial characteristics of canopy disturbances in riparian old-growth hemlock – northern hardwood forests, Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA

Curzon

Keeton

2010

Can. J. For. Res.

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Gap dynamics in temperate, late-successional forests influence important riparian functions, including organic matter recruitment and light environments over streams. However, controls on gap dynamics specific to riparian forests are poorly understood. We hypothesized that (i) gaps are larger and more frequent nearer streams, (ii) gaps cluster at within-stand scales, and (iii) tree damage type and gap fraction vary among riparian landforms. All gaps within four 6–9 ha plots in riparian old-growth eastern hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) – northern hardwood forest in the Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA, were mapped and measured. We recorded species, damage type, and diameter at breast height for gapmakers and dominant perimeter trees. Spatial distribution was assessed with Ripley’s K. Spatial autocorrelation in gap area and tree damage type were assessed using Moran’s I. Linear regression analysis defined relationships between proximity to streams and gap area and frequency. Expanded gap fraction ranged from 28.3% to 47.6%. Gaps were randomly distributed at scales ≤25 m and clustered at scales of 63–122 m. Distribution patterns were not consistent at other scales. Convergent and divergent landforms significantly influenced gap fraction, tree damage type, and species distributions. Positive correlations between convergent topography and gap area suggest an interaction between low-order riparian landforms and gap formation dynamics in late-successional forests.

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Distribution, composition, and orientation of down deadwood in riparian old-growth woodlands of Zoar Valley Canyon, western New York State, USA

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Dead wood diversity in a Norway spruce forest from the Calimani National Park (Eastern Carpathians)

Dead wood diversity in a Norway spruce forest from the Calimani National Park (Eastern Carpathians)

Environmental and spatial influences on benthic community composition in wooded headwater streams in Zoar Valley, New York, USA

Spatial characteristics of canopy disturbances in riparian old-growth hemlock – northern hardwood forests, Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA

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