Distribution experiments and liquid‐liquid equilibrium in systems containing nicotine

Fowler, Robert; Noble, R. A. S.

doi:10.1002/jctb.5010041004

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Some authors have already reported LLE data for the systems consisting of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. 35−48 Acetone, 35 nicotine 36 acetic acid, 38,46 and tetrahydrofuran 39 were purified using carbon tetrachloride and acetic acid, 37,42,43 while tetrahydrofuran, 39 valeric acid, pyruvic acid, propionic acid, 43 acetyl acetone, 44 and 2-methylaziridine 47 were separated using chloroform. Mixtures of chloroform with other solvents (toluene or diethyl ether) were also used to separate ethanol from water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, two chlorinated methanes (tri and tetra chloromethane) were chosen as solvents to investigate the liquid–liquid equilibria of ternary systems (water + OPA + chloroform) and (water + OPA + carbon tetrachloride). Some authors have already reported LLE data for the systems consisting of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. − Acetone, nicotine acetic acid, , and tetrahydrofuran were purified using carbon tetrachloride and acetic acid, ,, while tetrahydrofuran, valeric acid, pyruvic acid, propionic acid, acetyl acetone, and 2-methylaziridine were separated using chloroform. Mixtures of chloroform with other solvents (toluene or diethyl ether) were also used to separate ethanol from water. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase Equilibrium Data of Ternary Mixtures (Water + Orthophosphoric Acid + Chlorinated Methanes)

Shekarsaraee

Hadinejad

2021

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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In the present study, phase equilibrium data of the systems (water + orthophosphoric acid + chlorinated methanes) were measured in the temperature range of 298.2−318.2 K under ambient conditions. Chloroform and carbon tetrachloride were chosen as chlorinated solvents. Both the systems exhibited a type II phase behavior. The presence of hydrogen atoms in chloroform caused differences in phase behavior, partition coefficients, and solubility of the acid in the studied chlorinated methanes. Solid orthophosphoric acid was dissolved six times more in chloroform than in carbon tetrachloride. The thermodynamic modeling was conducted using the NRTL and UNIQUAC equations. Root mean square deviations were calculated to assess the quality of correlations, and the values were lower than 1% for UNIQUAC and 2% for NRTL models. The binary interaction parameters were optimized, and the temperature dependency of the binary parameters was considered. The performance of the studied solvents was evaluated by calculating the distribution coefficients (0.007 to 0.032 for chloroform and 0.004 to 0.008 for tetrachloromethane as solvents) and separation factors (9.81 to 1.25 for CHCl 3 and 5.67 to 1.70 for CCl 4 solvent systems) over the immiscibility region. Temperature increment had obvious effects on the partition coefficients of chloroform ternary mixtures. The obtained partition coefficients at 298.2 K were eventually regressed using the Catalań linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) model. The LSER modeling proposed that polarizability and dipolarity have large negative and positive effects on the distribution coefficient, while acidity and basicity have small and very small positive effects, respectively. LSER modeling of separation factors suggested polarizability as the strongest positive function and basicity as a negative one.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Equilibrium Data of Ternary Mixtures (Water + Orthophosphoric Acid + Chlorinated Methanes)

Shekarsaraee

Hadinejad

2021

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Liquid‐liquid equilibrium in systems containing nicotine

Fowler

Noble

1957

J. Appl. Chem.

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Liquid--liquid equilibria have been investigated in the nicotine-sulphuric acid-water and nicotine-sulphuric acid-carbon tetrachloride systems at 25". The latter system exhibits two phases for all concentrations of the components with the production of a semi-solid phase of nicotine bisulpliate which is insoluble in nicotine and carbon tetrachloride. The nicotine-sulphuric acidwater system shows a binodal curve curving concavely a t high watcr concentrations. -4 plait point is estimated to be at a composition 39% H,O, 2.5% H,SO, and 58.57; nicotine. Experiments on the quaternary system, nicotine-sulpliuric acid-water-carbon tetrachloride, could not be completed because dark viscous materials were obtained.

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