Distribution of a complex phenolic mixture between water and supercritical carbon dioxide

Solubility of Solids and Liquids in Supercritical Fluids

“…Besides the dew point and volumetric properties, the apparatus allows also the measurements of viscosity and spectroscopic investigations. Recently, Tuma and Schneider (1999) presented a high pressure cell for the determination of the solubility of solid dyestuffs in near and supercritical fluids using UV spectroscopy Many more applications of the static methods making use of the above mentioned principles and cell designs (only with minor modifications) can be found in the literature; the papers by Vera and Orbey (1984), Jangkamolchulkal and Luks (1989), Roop and Akgerman (1990), Subra and Tufeu (1990), Adisasmito et al (1991), Armellini and Tester (1991), Jay et al (1991), Laintz et al (1991), Staby and Mollerup (1991), Tian et al (1991), Gregg et al (1992), Zabaloy et al (1992), Crampons et al (1999), Mishima (1999), Stainer (1992), Shermann (2000), Guigard et al (1998), Hourriaet al (1998), Škerget et al (2000), Weider et al (2000).…”

Supercritical fluid extraction strategies of liquid-based matrices

“…Although this serves as a useful guide, it should be remembered that particularly in the case of direct aqueous SFE a knowledge of analyte SF distribution coefficients would be ideally required to design an extraction protocol. The distribution coefficients of a complex mixture of phenols and chlorinated hydrocarbons between water and SF-C0 2 have been determined by Roop and Akgerman [6] and Sengupta et af. [7], respectively.…”

“…Using a custom-built 150 ml extraction vessel combined on-line with Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Minty et al [28] demonstrated the potential of the technique for the determination of oil in industrial process waters prior to their discharge. Roop and Akgerman [6] used a 300 ml high-pressure autoclave fitted with a stirrer to determine the distribution coefficient of phenols between SF-C0 2 and water. The autoclave was also fitted with a valve system which permitted the sampling of the aqueous phase during the extraction.…”

“…Roop and Akgerman [6] have investigated the use of modifiers for aqueous systems and have developed a method for qualitatively predicting the effect of adding a small amount of co-solvent. A 50% increase in the distribution of a complex mixture of phenols into SF-C0 2 from water using benzene as a modifier was reported, with the addition of methanol as predicted with the developed model having no effect.…”

Partition Coefficients of Organics between Water and Carbon Dioxide Revisited: Correlation with Solute Molecular Descriptors and Solvent Cohesive Properties

“…26−28 In line with the experimental studies, several approaches to modeling the CO 2 −water−organic systems have been applied although the overall number of such models does not match the large attention received by the CO 2 −water binary system. Equation of state (EoS) models of the CO 2 −water−organic(s) systems such as those employing the Peng−Robinson EoS 15,27,29,30 or the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory 28 provide good description of the phase equilibria, however, at the expense of introducing unlike interaction (binary) parameters. The unlike interaction parameters are difficult to predict beforehand and, therefore, the EoS models are well apt to correlate phase equilibrium data but somewhat less able to predict them for the CO 2 −water−organic systems where no experimental data are available.…”