Distribution of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus, Beet Distortion Mosaic Virus, and an Unnamed Soilborne Sugar Beet Virus in Texas and New Mexico

Heidel, G

doi:10.1094/pd-78-0603

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…BVQ has been detected in Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Sweden and The Netherlands [24]. BSBMV is only known to occur in the USA where it is widespread in the sugarbeet growing areas [19,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence Divergence of Four Soilborne Sugarbeet-Infecting Viruses

Lennefors¹,

Savenkov²,

Mukasa

et al. 2005

Virus Genes

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Soilborne viruses are among the most harmful pathogens of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.ssp. vulgaris) but most of them lack information on genetic variability due to paucity of sequence data. Only one isolate of Beet soil borne virus (BSBV; genus Pomovirus), Beet virus Q (BVQ; genus Pomovirus) and Beet soil borne mosaic virus (BSBMV; genus Benyvirus) has been characterised for the coat protein (CP) gene. In this study, the CP gene sequences of three isolates each of BSBV and Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV; genus Benyvirus) (France, Germany and USA), two isolates of BVQ (France and Germany), and one isolate of BSBMV (USA) were determined. Phylogenetic analyses including sequences from databanks indicated that the French BNYVV isolate of this study belongs to so-called P-type, the American isolate to A-type and the German isolate to B-type. The CP genes of the three BSBV isolates characterised in this study and the one available from databank were highly identical (98.4-99.0% at nucleotide level; one variable amino acid). The BSBMV isolate studied here differed from the previously characterised isolate for five nucleotides and four amino acids in the CP region. The two BVQ isolates characterised in this study contained three additional nucleotides resulting in an additional amino acid residue (arginine) at CP position 86, as compared to the only isolate available in databank.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence Divergence of Four Soilborne Sugarbeet-Infecting Viruses

Lennefors¹,

Savenkov²,

Mukasa

et al. 2005

Virus Genes

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“…Sugar beets exhibiting typical foliar symptoms of BSBMV were collected from three locations in the Texas sugar beet-growing region and maintained in pots in the greenhouse (11). Symptomatic leaf tissue was tested for BSBMV and BNYVV by DAS-ELISA as previously described (11) with some modifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BNYVV and BSBMV are widely distributed throughout the sugar beet-growing region of Texas (11), and isolates of BSBMV have been identified in California, Colorado, Idaho, Nebraska, Wyoming (33), and, most recently, Minnesota (45). BSBMV has not been identified outside of the United States.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Beet Soilborne Mosaic Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Beet Soilborne Mosaic Virus, a Furo-like Virus Infecting Sugar Beet

et al. 1997

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Beet soilborne mosaic virus (BSBMV) is a rigid rod-shaped virus transmitted by Polymyxa betae. Particles were 19 nm wide and ranged from 50 to over 400 nm, but no consistent modal lengths could be determined. Nucleic acids extracted from virions were polyadenylated and typically separated into three or four discrete bands of variable size by agarose-formaldehyde gel electrophoresis. RNA 1 and 2, the largest of the RNAs, consistently averaged 6.7 and 4.6 kb, respectively. The sizes and number of smaller RNA species were variable. The molecular mass of the capsid protein of BSBMV was estimated to be 22.5 kDa. In Northern blots, probes specific to the 3′ end of individual beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) RNAs 1–4 hybridized strongly with the corresponding BNYVV RNA species and weakly with BSBMV RNAs 1, 2, and 4. Probes specific to the 5′ end of BNYVV RNAs 1–4 hybridized with BNYVV but not with BSBMV. No cross-reaction between BNYVV and BSBMV was detected in Western blots. In greenhouse studies, root weights of BSBMV-infected plants were significantly lower than mock-inoculated controls but greater than root weights from plants infected with BNYVV. Results of serological, hybridization, and virulence experiments indicate that BSBMV is distinct from BNYVV. However, host range, capsid size, and the number, size, and polyadenylation of its RNAs indicate that BSBMV more closely resembles BNYVV than it does other members of the genus Furovirus.

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“…P. betae is not only the vector of BNYVV, but also of Beet soil‐borne virus (BSBV), Beet soil‐borne mosaic virus (BSBMV), Beet oak‐leaf virus (BOLV) and Beet virus Q . These viruses are often found in mixed infections in the same plant (Heidel and Rush, 1994; Liu and Lewellen, 2008; Meunier et al ., 2003b; Prillwitz and Schlösser, 1993). The first evidence of interactions was presented by Prillwitz and Schlösser (1993), who showed that sugar beet plants that were initially infected with BSBV suffered much less damage from subsequent BNYVV infections compared with plants that were infected with BNYVV alone.…”

Section: Interactions With Other Viruses and The Effect On Rhizomaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress towards the understanding and control of sugar beet rhizomania disease

McGrann

Grimmer

Mutasa-Göttgens

et al. 2009

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Rhizomania is a soil-borne disease that occurs throughout the major sugar beet growing regions of the world, causing severe yield losses in the absence of effective control measures. It is caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), which is transmitted by the obligate root-infecting parasite Polymyxa betae. BNYVV has a multipartite RNA genome with all natural isolates containing four RNA species, although some isolates have a fifth RNA. The larger RNA1 and RNA2 contain the housekeeping genes of the virus and are always required for infection, whereas the smaller RNAs are involved in pathogenicity and vector transmission. RNA5-containing isolates are restricted to Asia and some parts of Europe, and these isolates tend to be more aggressive. With no acceptable pesticides available to restrict the vector, the control of rhizomania is now achieved almost exclusively through the use of resistant cultivars. A single dominant resistance gene, Rz1, has been used to manage the disease worldwide in recent years, although this gene confers only partial resistance. More recently, new variants of BNYVV have evolved (both with and without RNA5) that are able to cause significant yield penalties on resistant cultivars. These isolates are not yet widespread, but their appearance has resulted in accelerated searches for new sources of resistance to both the virus and the vector. Combined virus and vector resistance, achieved either by conventional or transgenic breeding, offers the sugar beet industry a new approach in its continuing struggle against rhizomania.

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Distribution of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus, Beet Distortion Mosaic Virus, and an Unnamed Soilborne Sugar Beet Virus in Texas and New Mexico

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Sequence Divergence of Four Soilborne Sugarbeet-Infecting Viruses

Sequence Divergence of Four Soilborne Sugarbeet-Infecting Viruses

Characteristics of Beet Soilborne Mosaic Virus, a Furo-like Virus Infecting Sugar Beet

Progress towards the understanding and control of sugar beet rhizomania disease

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