Distribution of Bunyamwera Serogroup Viruses in North America, 1956–1984

Calisher, C. H.; Db, Francy; Gc, Smith; Dj, Muth; Js, Lazuick; Karabatsos, Nick; Wl, Jakob; Rg, McLean

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1986.35.429

Cited by 81 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…dorsalis, and six other species (Table 3, Supplemental Table 10) are consistent with previous findings of its presence in several species of mosquitoes and from mammals, including humans. 58,61 It causes congenital defects in fetal or neonatal sheep and cattle, 62,63 including those in North Dakota, 64 has caused disease in humans, 61,65,66 and it may be responsible for birth defects in humans. 67 Cache Valley virus was isolated in two of the four years sampled and was prevalent only in 2005 when it was isolated from 149 pools of mosquitoes collected in eastern and western North Dakota (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003–2006

Anderson¹,

Main²,

Armstrong³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To investigate arbovirus transmission in North Dakota, we collected and screened mosquitoes for viral infection by Vero cell culture assay. Seven viruses were isolated from 13 mosquito species. Spatial and temporal distributions of the important vectors of West Nile virus (WNV), Cache Valley virus, Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), and trivittatus virus are reported. Snowshoe hare virus, Potosi virus, and western equine encephalomyelitis virus were also isolated. The risks of Culex tarsalis and Aedes vexans transmitting WNV to humans were 61.4% and 34.0% in 2003-2006, respectively, but in 2003 when the largest epidemic was reported, risks for Ae. vexans and Cx. tarsalis in Cass County were 73.6% and 23.9%, respectively. Risk of humans acquiring an infectious bite was greatest from about the second week of July through most of August. West Nile virus sequences were of the WN02 genotype. Most JCV strains belonged to a single clade of genetically related strains. Cache Valley virus and JCV were prevalent during August and early September and during July and August, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…inornata collected in Cache Valley, Utah in 1956, 57 has been reported from four Canadian provinces, 22 states, including North Dakota, northern Mexico, and Jamaica. [58][59][60] Our isolations of CVV from Ae. vexans, Cs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003–2006

Anderson¹,

Main²,

Armstrong³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The virus has been found in a diverse array of mosquito species (33 species in seven genera), most of which are mammalophilic (Calisher et al 1986), but the primary vectors are unknown (Campbell et al 2006). Regional differences in the presumed involvement of individual species in the transmission cycle have been inferred based on the number and frequency of viral infections detected in field collected females: Anopheles (An.)…”

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confidence: 99%

“…sollicitans and Oc. taeniorhynchus in coastal regions of the mid-Atlantic and Gulf Coast United States and central America (Calisher et al 1986 and references therein, Farfan-Ale et al 2010), and Oc. trivittatus in New York State (Ngo et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ache Valley virus (CVV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus) that is enzootic throughout much of North and Central America (Calisher et al 1986, Grimstad 2001a). It infects a wide variety of wild and domestic ungulates, including deer, sheep, horses, and cattle (Kokernot et al 1969, Buescher et al 1970, McLean et al 1987 Human infections with CVV appear to be common in areas where the virus is enzootic, with antibody prevalence rates as high as 19% (Kokernot et al 1969, Buescher et al 1970, Grimstad 2001a, Blitvitch et al 2012.…”

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Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Cache Valley Virus (Bunyaviridae:Orthobunyavirus) Infection in Anopheline and Culicine Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Northeastern United States, 1997–2012

Andreadis

Armstrong

Anderson

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Cache Valley virus (CVV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus) that is enzootic throughout much of North and Central America. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been incriminated as important reservoir and amplification hosts. CVV has been found in a diverse array of mosquito species, but the principal vectors are unknown. A 16-year study was undertaken to identify the primary mosquito vectors in Connecticut, quantify seasonal prevalence rates of infection, and define the spatial geographic distribution of CVV in the state as a function of land use and white-tailed deer populations, which have increased substantially over this period. CVV was isolated from 16 mosquito species in seven genera, almost all of which were multivoltine and mammalophilic. Anopheles (An.) punctipennis was incriminated as the most consistent and likely vector in this region on the basis of yearly isolation frequencies and the spatial geographic distribution of infected mosquitoes. Other species exhibiting frequent temporal and moderate spatial geographic patterns of virus isolation within the state included Ochlerotatus (Oc.) trivittatus, Oc. canadensis, Aedes (Ae.) vexans, and Ae. cinereus. New isolation records for CVV were established for An. walkeri, Culiseta melanura, and Oc. cantator. Other species from which CVV was isolated included An. quadrimaculatus, Coquillettidia perturbans, Culex salinarius, Oc. japonicus, Oc. sollicitans, Oc. taeniorhynchus, Oc. triseriatus, and Psorophora ferox. Mosquitoes infected with CVV were equally distributed throughout urban, suburban, and rural locales, and infection rates were not directly associated with the localized abundance of white-tailed deer, possibly due to their saturation throughout the region. Virus activity in mosquitoes was episodic with no consistent pattern from year-to-year, and fluctuations in yearly seasonal infection rates did not appear to be directly impacted by overall mosquito abundance. Virus infection in mosquitoes occurred late in the season that mostly extended from mid-August through September, when adult mosquito populations were visibly declining and were comparatively low. Findings argue for a limited role for vertical transmission for the perpetuation of CVV as occurs with other related bunyaviruses.

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Biting Flies (Class Insecta: Order Diptera)

Allan¹

2001

Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals

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Distribution of Bunyamwera Serogroup Viruses in North America, 1956–1984

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003–2006

Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003–2006

Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Cache Valley Virus (Bunyaviridae:Orthobunyavirus) Infection in Anopheline and Culicine Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Northeastern United States, 1997–2012

Biting Flies (Class Insecta: Order Diptera)

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