Distribution of capsular types and production of muramidase-released protein (MRP) and extracellular factor (EF) of Streptococcus suis strains isolated from diseased pigs in seven European countries

Notice of Retraction: In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Herb Extracts against Five Drug-Resistant Streptococcus Suis Strains

“…Tt is an important pathogen in pigs worldwide and associated with meningitis, septicemia, arthritis, serositis and bronchop neum-onia, mostly in piglets and growers [2]. Thirtyfive capsular types have been described in S.suis species (types 1 to 34 and type 1/2) [3], and serotype 2 (SS2) is most commonly associated with diseases in pigs and humans, and also the most frequently reported serotype worldwide [4,5].There was a large outbreak of human S. Suis infection in Sichuan Province, China in July 2005 and killed 38 patients [6] . Currently, S. suis is the most common cause of acute bacterial meningitis in some area of Southeast Asia [7,8].…”

Swine infection by Streptococcus suis: a retrospective study

“…Thirty-five serotypes of S. suis have already been identified (1 to 34 and the 1/2), with serotypes 2 and 1 being more frequently associated with the disease. However, other serotypes have also been related to infectious incidents in several countries, such as the serotypes ½, 3,4,8,17,19, and 21 in Canada (Gottschalk et al, 1993);7, 8, and 14 in the United Kingdom (MacLennan et al, 1996);½, 3, 8, 9, and 14 in Spain (Luque et al, 1998);3, 4, 7, and 9 in Germany and ½, 3, 4, 7, and 9 in Italy (Wisselink et al, 2000).…”

Prevalência de Streptococcus suis sorotipo 2: discussão da literatura brasileira

“…Na Europa e Ásia, por exemplo, sua prevalência é até duas vezes maior que no Canadá e Estados Unidos (Wisselink et al, 2000;Messier et al, 2008;Fittipaldi et al, 2009;Wei et al, 2009).…”

“…Estudos recentes sugerem uma queda na prevalência do sorotipo 2 (Higgins e Gottschalk, 2001) ao longo dos anos e o surgimento de outros sorotipos como mais prevalentes em alguns países: sorotipo 9 na Bélgica, Alemanha, Holanda e Espanha (Wisselink et al, 2000;Vela et al, 2003); 1 e 14 no Reino Unido (Wisselink et al, 2000); e 3 nos Estados Unidos (Fittipaldi et al, 2009). Outros sorotipos menos frequentes já foram também relacionados a quadros clínicos infecciosos em diversas localidades: sorotipos 1/2, 3, 4, 8, 17, 19 e 21 no Canadá ; 1/2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 e 9 na Itália (Sala et al, 1996); 1/2, 3, 4, 7, 8 e 14 no Reino Unido (Maclennam et al, 1996); 1/2, 3, 8, 9 e 14 na Espanha (Luque et al, 1998); 3, 4, 7 e 9 na Alemanha (Wisselink et al, 2000) e 9 na Holanda e França (Jacobs et al, 1995).…”

“…Outros sorotipos menos frequentes já foram também relacionados a quadros clínicos infecciosos em diversas localidades: sorotipos 1/2, 3, 4, 8, 17, 19 e 21 no Canadá ; 1/2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 e 9 na Itália (Sala et al, 1996); 1/2, 3, 4, 7, 8 e 14 no Reino Unido (Maclennam et al, 1996); 1/2, 3, 8, 9 e 14 na Espanha (Luque et al, 1998); 3, 4, 7 e 9 na Alemanha (Wisselink et al, 2000) e 9 na Holanda e França (Jacobs et al, 1995).…”