Distribution of dry weight between root and shoot in white clover dependent on N2 fixation or utilizing abundant nitrate nitrogen

Ryle, Gilbert; Arnott, R. A.; Powell, C. E.

doi:10.1007/bf02377110

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A similar effect on root/shoot ratio was observed upon the addition of combined nitrogen to nodulated plants of T. repens by Ryle, Arnott & Powell (1981), who explained the effect in terms of Brouwer's (1962) explanation of the maintenance of a functional equilibrium between shoots and roots.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrate On Regrowthsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Despite the stimulation of root growth in +N compared with -N plants in the present experiment, the root/shoot ratio was in fact lower in + N plants (0.84) than in -N plants (0.97) at 13 days after defoliation. A similar effect on root/shoot ratio was observed upon the addition of combined nitrogen to nodulated plants of T. repens by Ryle, Arnott & Powell (1981), who explained the effect in terms of Brouwer's (1962) explanation of the maintenance of a functional equilibrium between shoots and roots.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrate On Regrowthsupporting

confidence: 60%

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Mobilization of nitrogen in swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. during regrowth after defoliation

Culvenor

Simpson

1991

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYThe net mobilization of nitrogen compounds (total N, soluble protein, amino N, membrane-bound protein) from different plant parts after defoliation, and the extent to which mobilized nitrogen contributed to new leaf growth, were studied in small swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. cv. Seaton Park (subterranean clover) either completely dependent on nitrogen fixation (-N treatment) or receiving abundant nitrate at defoliation ( + N treatment).Net mobilization of nitrogen from nodulated roots (75 % of mobilized nitrogen) and branches (25 % of mobilized nitrogen) accounted for most of the nitrogen in new leaf growth for up to 5 d in -N swards and for at least 2 d in +N swards. In -N swards, nodules degenerating as a result of defoliation were a major source of mobilized nitrogen for 2 d (50 % of mobilized nitrogen), after which the fine roots became the largest net contributor of mobilized nitrogen. Overall, a net 17% of the nitrogen present in residual organs was mobilized.Soluble protein was the major form of mobilized nitrogen for which assays were performed, accounting for 50 % of the decline in total N in the -N treatment. The relative loss of soluble protein from sward components declined in the order, nodules (47 % over 5 d), fine roots (44 % over 9 d), branches (38 % over 9 d) and taproots (37 % over 5 d). The amino N pool increased sharply in size for two days after defoliation, possibly indicating breakdown of soluble protein in excess of the nitrogen demand for regrowth or to provide a respiratory substrate.It was concluded that, in plants of adequate nitrogen status, leaf growth was unlikely to be nitrogen-limited during the first few days after defoliation.

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Section: Effect Of Nitrate On Regrowthsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Effect Of Nitrate On Regrowthsupporting

confidence: 60%

Mobilization of nitrogen in swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. during regrowth after defoliation

Culvenor

Simpson

1991

New Phytologist

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“…In non-Nj-fixlng plants, biomass allocation to roots increases as soil N becomes increasingly limited (Cannell 1985, Ledig 1983. A similar response has been reported for white clover (Ryle et al, 1981), but the result is uncertain because effects of plant size were not excluded. In black locust, biomass allocation to roots was not affected by soil N availability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Relationships between nitrogen fixation and growth in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings: A functional growth‐analysis approach using ¹⁵N

Johnsen¹,

Bongarten

1992

Physiologia Plantarum

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1992. Relationships between nitrogen fbiation and growth in Robinia pseudoacacia seedhngs: A functional growth-analysis approach using "N. -Physiol. Plant, 85: 77-84.The effects of NOj fertilization on N^ fixation and growth of black locust {Robinia pseudoacacia L.) seedlings were examined by growth analyses. Seedlings were grown under low (0.25 mM) and high (2.00 mM) NC5j provided with each watering. In one experiment, seedlings were given NO^ with enriched levels of ^^N (11.03%) to identify N accumulation from soil and atmospheric sources. Curves describing accretion of total dry weight and N were fit as functions of accumulated photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), Relative growth rates (RGR) and nitrogen productivities (NP) were derived from these curves and examined as functions of seedling size and/or internal N concentraflon. Early in the experiments seedlings receiving the higher amount of NOJ grew faster, acquired more N, had greater internal nitrogen concentrations (Nj) and had higher NP than seedlings receiving the lower amounts. Seedlings receiving higher N also acquired most of their N from NOj, whereas those receiving the lower N acquired most from N, fixation. Later in the experiments, no differences in growth rate, N^ or NP were observed. Furthermore, midway through the experiments seedlings receiving the higher amounts of NOf began to acquire the majority of N from N, fixation. At the end of the two experiments, seedlings given higher NO7 were 16 and 78% larger in dry weight. Differences in size were due to growth differences that occurred only during the first half of the experiments. During this period, the faster growth of seedlings given higher NO^ was attributed to greater access to utilizable N and iower energy costs associated with the acquisition and/or utUizaiion of NOj, relative to N^. Unlike the situation in non-Ni-fixing plants, differences in available soil N had no influence on biomass allocation to roots, stems 01 leaves in black locust. When soil N became limiting, N, fixation capacity increased, ralber (han root mass. 10 acquire more N,

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“…Low W of cv 15 (Columbia) was the result of partial loss of roots in 2 replicates while plants were being removed from pots at N 10.5. The shoot to root ratio increased significantly as N level increased (Table 2) as found in white clover (Ryle et al, 1981) and in pea (Mahon and Child, 1979). In this study, the S/R ratio of cv 17 (OAC Seaforth as an inefficiently nodulating check) and 8 (Vidresco), more than doubled as N increased from zero to 10.5mM but with a few cultivars S/R did not change much (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Identification and characterization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines well nodulated in the presence of high nitrate

Park

Buttery

1989

Plant Soil

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Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., is known to be 'inefficient' in nodulation and N2 fixation although it responds to applied nitrogen. An experiment was conducted to identify and to characterize bean cultivars nodulating in the presence of a high level of nitrogen.Sixteen cultivars and a check for inefficient nodulation, OAC Seaforth, were inoculated and grown for 40 days in replicated pots supplied with zero, 3.5 and 10.5 mM combined nitrogen as NO3 and NH2. Seven traits relating to nodulation and N2 fixation were all significantly affected by N level (N), cultivar (Cv) and N x Cv interactions (except for root dry weight), indicating that cultivars responded differently to the N treatments. Total dry weight (W) and shoot to root ratio (S/R) increased with the increased N levels. Nodule dry weight (Wn), visual nodulation score (Nv) and nodulation index (Nx) decreased as the N increased. Percent N and N content per plant increased with the increased N level. Plant weight (W) was positively correlated with Wn, Nv and N content and negatively correlated with %N. Nodulation score was positively associated with Wn and plant N content. Genotypes superior in nodulation and N2 fixation in the presence of N were identified. Cultivars Italian Barlotti, California Light Red Kidney, Kentucky Wonder A and Pueblo 152 were selected for further testing and use in improving the nitrate tolerant nodulating characteristic of bean.

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Distribution of dry weight between root and shoot in white clover dependent on N2 fixation or utilizing abundant nitrate nitrogen

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Mobilization of nitrogen in swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. during regrowth after defoliation

Mobilization of nitrogen in swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. during regrowth after defoliation

Relationships between nitrogen fixation and growth in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings: A functional growth‐analysis approach using ¹⁵N

Identification and characterization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines well nodulated in the presence of high nitrate

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Distribution of dry weight between root and shoot in white clover dependent on N2 fixation or utilizing abundant nitrate nitrogen

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Mobilization of nitrogen in swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. during regrowth after defoliation

Mobilization of nitrogen in swards of Trifolium subterraneum L. during regrowth after defoliation

Relationships between nitrogen fixation and growth in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings: A functional growth‐analysis approach using 15N

Identification and characterization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines well nodulated in the presence of high nitrate

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Relationships between nitrogen fixation and growth in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings: A functional growth‐analysis approach using ¹⁵N