Distribution of extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria in the digestive tracts of 4 brackish water fish species

Das, Paramita; Mandal, Sudipta; Khan, Argha; Manna, Sanjib Kumar; Ghosh, Koushik

doi:10.3906/zoo-1205-3

Cited by 55 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Although, gut bacteria in catla were noticed to be dominated by the cellulolytic bacteria, existence of lipolytic, amylolytic, and proteolytic bacteria clearly advocated omnivorous feeding aptitude of the species as suggested elsewhere (Dasgupta 1996, Ghosh et al 2002a, Khabade 2015. Occurrence of higher numbers of heterotrophic enzyme-producing bacteria in DI region compared to the PI region was in agreement with the previous reports (Mondal et al 2008, Das et al 2014. This might indicate the possibility of microbial degradation of the food material in this part of the GI tract in assistance with the highly colonized enzyme-producing bacteria (Ghosh et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Clear zone around the colonies on MPS media plates indicated phytase activity of the isolates (Howson and Davis 1983). Qualitative extracellular enzyme activity observed by the appearance of halo (diameter in mm) around the colony was presented as scores (Das et al 2014) as follows; 0, nil (no halo); 1, low (6-10 mm halo); 2, moderate (11-20 mm halo); 3, good (21-30 mm halo); 4, high (31-39 mm halo); 5, very high (≥ 40 mm halo).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identifi cation of the isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The most promising two putative probiotics were studied through 16S rRNA partial gene sequence analysis after isolation and PCR amplifi cation following the methods described in Das et al (2014). The gene encoding 16S rRNA was amplifi ed from the isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using universal primers (27f, 5´-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3´ and 1492r, 5´-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3´).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Dutta¹

2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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. 2015. Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 45 (4): 373-384.Background. Exoenzyme-producing gut microbiota and their likely use as probionts have been widely investigated in major carps. However, reports on exoenzyme-producing capacity together with inhibition of fi sh pathogens are scarce. The presently reported study aimed at characterization of novel probionts from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract of an Indian major carp-catla, Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) depending upon extracellular enzyme-production, antagonism against Aeromonas spp., growth in fi sh mucus, bile tolerance, and bio-safety to the target fi sh. Materials and methods. GI tracts were divided into proximal and distal parts, homogenized, and plated onto selective media plates following enrichment culture technique. Exoenzyme-producing isolates were selected through qualitative and quantitative assay of 6 enzymes. Inhibition of Aeromonas spp. was tested through 'cross-streaking' and 'double-layer' method. Tolerance to GI condition was determined by growth in sterilized fi sh mucus and exposure to bile juice. Bio-safety evaluation was done by intra-peritoneal injection of live candidate probiotics and co-culture with autochthonous gut bacteria. Further, 16S rDNA fragments from the putative probiotics were sequenced, edited, analysed, identifi ed, and deposited to the GenBank. Results. Seventeen potent isolates were primarily selected through the ability of producing extracellular enzymes, viz., amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, phytase, and xylanase. Further study portraying antagonism against Aeromonas salmonicida, A. hydrophila, and A. veronii led to select the strains CCH1A and CCH1Ph as putative probiotics. Both the strains were competent to grow in intestinal mucus and could resist diluted bile juice (9% and 10.5%, respectively). The isolates did not produce any disease symptom or mortality in Catla catla fi ngerlings during the 21 day trial and were competent to grow with other autochthonous isolates. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strains CCH1A and CCHIPh were identifi ed as Bacillus aerius (KF623288) and Bacillus sonorensis (KF623289), respectively. Conclusion. Exoenzyme-producing gut bacteria may inhibit the growth of pathogenic Aeromonas spp. and tolerate gastrointestinal condition. Further research is inevitable to explore their potentialities in aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Dutta¹

2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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“…This data was supported by Das et al (2014) that detect the presence of cellulolytic microbes in the digestive tract of four brackish water fish species. Three of them, including Etroplus suratensis, Scatophagus argus and Terapon jarbua are kind of omnivorous fish that eat algae as well as milkfish.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Identification of BSA B1 Bacteria and Its Potency of Purified Cellulase to Hydrolyze Chlorella zofingiensis

et al. 2016

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Cellulase has been widely used as biocatalyst in industries. Production of cellulase from microorganisms has many advantages such as short production time and less expense. Our previous study indicated that one of cellulolytic bacteria from digestive tract of milkfi sh (Chanos chanos), namely BSA B1, showed the highest cellulase activity. The objective of this study was to determine the phylogenetic of BSA B1 strain using 16S rRNA gene sequence. Furthermore, this study also determine the specifi c activity of purifi ed cellulase from BSA B1 strain and its potency to hydrolyze Chlorella zofi ngiensis cellulose. Cellulase was purifi ed using ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, and ion exchange chromatography. The purifi ed cellulase was used to hydrolyze cellulose of C. zofi ngiensis. The result demonstrated that BSA B1 strain was closely related with Bacillus aerius and Bacillus licheniformis. The specifi c activity of the crude enzyme was 1.543 U mL -1 ; after dialysis was 4.384 U mL -1 ; and after chromatography was 7.543 U mL -1. Purifi ed cellulase exhibited activity in hydrolyzed both CMC and C. zofi ngiensis. Compared to commercial cellulase, purifi ed cellulase had lower activity in hydrolyzed CMC but higher activity in hydrolyzed C. zofi ngiensis. Ethanol dehydration could potentially increase the reducing sugar yield in cellulose hydrolysis when used appropriately. Morphology of C. zofi ngiensis cell has changed after incubation with cellulases and ethanol dehydration indicated degradation of cell wall.

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“…Pathogen inhibitory property of the GI tract microbiota in diverse fish species has also been recognized (Verschuere et al 2000). Beneficial effects of the extracellular enzymeproducing microorganisms isolated from fish gut have been widely documented in several previous occasions (Ray et al 2012, Ganguly and Prasad 2012, Das et al 2014. Therefore, there is an increasing thrust for screening and selection of useful indigenous intestinal bacteria from the host species to ensure viability and desired benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of extracellular enzyme-producing autochthonous gut bacteria in walking catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.)

Dey¹,

Ghosh²,

Hazra³

2016

J. Fish.

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The present study was carried out to screen autochthonous gut bacteria in freshwater air breathing walking catfish, Clarias batrachus Linnaeus. Altogether, 100 extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria were isolated from the foregut (FG) and hindgut (HG) regions. Data were presented as log viable counts g -1 gut (LVC). The occurrence of heterotrophic bacterial population was higher in the FG region (LVC = 8.25) than the HG (LVC= 7.3). Similarly, proteolytic, amylolytic and lipolytic bacteria in FG outnumbered (LVC=7.25, 6.77 and 5.23 respectively) the HG (LVC=6.38, 5.58 and 4.04 respectively). However, occurrence of cellulolytic bacteria in both, FG and HG was less (LVC=2.1 and 1.34 respectively) in comparison to the other extracellular enzymeproducing bacteria. Out of the 100 bacterial isolates, 22 isolates were primarily selected through qualitative assay of extracellular enzyme activities. Among them, 3 promising isolates were chosen as potent extracellular enzyme producers on the basis of cumulative scores (≥11) of the qualitative assay and quantitative enzyme assay. Maximum protease activity was revealed by the strain FG10 (201±2.40U), while FG43 exhibited maximum amylase (208.3±10.8U) and lipase (4.73±0.05U) activities. Among the strains isolated from the HG, the highest protease (188.3±1.2U), amylase (97.6±0.46U) and lipase (3.7±0.11U) activities were recorded with the strain HG01. The isolates (FG10, FG43 and HG01) were studied through 16S rRNA partial gene sequence analyses and were identified as Bacillus aryabhattai (KP784311), B. flexus (KR809411), and B. cereus (KR809412), respectively. Further studies are to be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these strains in vivo to improve the overall health status of the C. batrachus juveniles.

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Distribution of extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria in the digestive tracts of 4 brackish water fish species

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Selection and probiotic characterization of exoenzyme-producing bacteria isolated from the gut of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Identification of BSA B1 Bacteria and Its Potency of Purified Cellulase to Hydrolyze Chlorella zofingiensis

Evaluation of extracellular enzyme-producing autochthonous gut bacteria in walking catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.)

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