Distribution of flavonoids in the lower plants and its evolutionary significance

Markham, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2913-6_12

Cited by 78 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…2B). This hypothesis is intriguing, because the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway leading to flavonols and PAs first concomitantly appeared in the group Filicopsida (ferns), while anthocyanins finally made their appearance in the gymnosperms later during development (Markham, 1988). It is worth considering if this motif did belong to the R2R3 domain in the common ancestors of flavonoid regulators and was lost during the speciation process leading to the formation of anthocyanin regulators, but only further investigations regarding evolutionary relationships between MYB-type transcription factors in plants can strengthen this hypothesis.…”

Section: Additionally Sequence Analysis Revealed a Highly Conserved mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Grapevine R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor VvMYBF1 Regulates Flavonol Synthesis in Developing Grape Berries

et al. 2009

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Flavonols are important ultraviolet light protectants in many plants and contribute substantially to the quality and healthpromoting effects of fruits and derived plant products. To study the regulation of flavonol synthesis in fruit, we isolated and characterized the grapevine (Vitis vinifera 'Shiraz') R2R3-MYB transcription factor VvMYBF1. Transient reporter assays established VvMYBF1 to be a specific activator of flavonol synthase1 (VvFLS1) and several other promoters of grapevine and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genes involved in flavonol synthesis. Expression of VvMYBF1 in the Arabidopsis mutant myb12 resulted in complementation of its flavonol-deficient phenotype and confirmed the function of VvMYBF1 as a transcriptional regulator of flavonol synthesis. Transcript analysis of VvMYBF1 throughout grape berry development revealed its expression during flowering and in skins of ripening berries, which correlates with the accumulation of flavonols and expression of VvFLS1. In addition to its developmental regulation, VvMYBF1 expression was light inducible, implicating VvMYBF1 in the control of VvFLS1 transcription. Sequence analysis of VvMYBF1 and VvFLS1 indicated conserved putative light regulatory units in promoters of both genes from different cultivars. By analysis of the VvMYBF1 amino acid sequence, we identified the previously described SG7 domain and an additional sequence motif conserved in several plant MYB factors. The described motifs have been used to identify MYB transcription factors from other plant species putatively involved in the regulation of flavonol biosynthesis. To our knowledge, this is the first functional characterization of a light-inducible MYB transcription factor controlling flavonol synthesis in fruit.

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Section: Additionally Sequence Analysis Revealed a Highly Conserved mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Grapevine R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor VvMYBF1 Regulates Flavonol Synthesis in Developing Grape Berries

et al. 2009

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“…DFR has been obtained from duplicate genes linked with primary metabolism; in this instance, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent reductases are related to steroid metabolism (Baker and Blasco, 1992). Moreover, three divisions of the flavonoid pathway well-known in the bryophytes are also found in pteridophytes including procyanidins, prodelphinidins, and flavonols like kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin (Markham, 1988). Acylphloroglucinol Murakami and Machashi, 1985;Lu et al, 1999;Liu and Qin, 2002;Qin et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2010;Shu et al, 2012;Hoang and Tran, 2014 …”

Section: Phytochemicals Of Ferns and Their Distribution In Other Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the use of pteridophytes for treating human ailments

Xavier-ravi

Vigila

Zhang

et al. 2018

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:The aim of this review was to explore the pharmacological activity of early tracheophytes (pteridophytes) as an alternative medicine for treating human ailments. As the first vascular plants, pteridophytes (aka, ferns and fern allies) are an ancient lineage, and human beings have been exploring and using taxa from this lineage for over 2000 years because of their beneficial properties. We have documented the medicinal uses of pteridophytes belonging to thirty different families. The lycophyte Selaginella sp. was shown in earlier studies to have multiple pharmacological activity, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-Alzheimer properties. Among all the pteridophytes examined, taxa from the Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, and Adiantaceae exhibited significant medicinal activity. Based on our review, many pteridophytes have properties that could be used in alternative medicine for treatment of various human illnesses. Biotechnological tools can be used to preserve and even improve their bioactive molecules for the preparation of medicines against illness. Even though several studies have reported medicinal uses of ferns, the possible bioactive compounds of several pteridophytes have not been identified. Furthermore, their optimal dosage level and treatment strategies still need to be determined. Finally, the future direction of pteridophyte research is discussed.

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“…Flavonoids represent a highly diverse class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites, which are abundant in spermatophytes (seed-bearing vascular land plants: gymnosperms (cycades, conifers, ginkos and gnetophytes) and angiosperms) [1][2][3] but have also been reported from primitive taxa, such as bryophytes (nonvascular land plants, including liverworts, hornworts and mosses) [4,5], pteridophytes (seedless vascular land plants, i.e., lycophytes, horsetails and all ferns) [6,7] and algae [8,9]. Overall, about 10,000 lavonoids have been recorded which represent the third largest group of natural products following the alkaloids (12,000) and terpenoids (30,000) [1,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids: Classification, Biosynthesis and Chemical Ecology

Santos¹,

Maia²,

Ferriani³

et al. 2017

Flavonoids - From Biosynthesis to Human Health

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Flavonoids are natural products widely distributed in the plant kingdom and form one of the main classes of secondary metabolites. They display a large range of structures and ecological signiicance (e.g., such as the colored pigments in many lower petals), serve as chemotaxonomic marker compounds and have a variety of biological activities. Therefore, they have been extensively investigated but the interest in them is still increasing. The topics that will be discussed in this chapter describe the regulation of lavonoid biosynthesis, the roles of lavonoids in lowers, fruits and roots and mechanisms involved in pollination and their speciic functions in the plant.

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Distribution of flavonoids in the lower plants and its evolutionary significance

Cited by 78 publications

References 213 publications

The Grapevine R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor VvMYBF1 Regulates Flavonol Synthesis in Developing Grape Berries

The Grapevine R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor VvMYBF1 Regulates Flavonol Synthesis in Developing Grape Berries

A review of the use of pteridophytes for treating human ailments

Flavonoids: Classification, Biosynthesis and Chemical Ecology

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