Distribution of genes related to Type 6 secretion system and lipooligosaccharide that induced ganglioside mimicry among Campylobacter jejuni isolated from human diarrhea in Thailand

Abstract

Background: Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the most common bacteria responsible for human gastroenteritis worldwide. The mode of human transmission is foodborne infections due to consumption of contaminated food, especially poultry. Type 6 secretion systems (T6SS) were described recently as Campylobacter virulence mechanisms. Furthermore, infection sequelae associated with neurological disorders like Guillain-Barré (GBS) and Miller Fisher (MF) syndromes can become serious health problems in some patients after Campylobacter gastroenteritis. Our objective was to determine the distribution of these virulence genes among C. jejuni isolated from stool of human diarrhea.Methods: A total of 524 C. jejuni strains from travelers and pediatric cases of acute diarrhea in Thailand were selected for this study. All isolates belonged to one of 20 known capsule types and all were assayed by PCR for T6SS, a hemolysin co-regulated protein (hcp) gene, and GBS-associated genes (cgtA, cgtB, cstII HS19 and cstII HS2 ) which are involved in sialic acid production in the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) cores of C. jejuni. The distribution of these genes are summarized and discussed. Results:Of all isolates with these 20 capsule types identified, 328 (62.6%) were positive for hcp, ranging from 29.2 to 100% among 10 capsule types. The GBS-associated LOS genes were detected among 14 capsule type isolates with 24.4% and 23.3% of C. jejuni isolates possessed either cstII HS19 or all three genes (cgtA, cgtB and cstII HS19 ), which were classified as LOS classes A and B whereas 9.2% of C. jejuni isolates possessing cstII HS2 were classified as LOS class C. The C. jejuni isolates of LOS A, B, and C together accounted for 56.9% of the isolates among 14 different capsule types while 31.1% of all C. jejuni isolates did not possess any GBS-associated genes. No significant difference was detected from C. jejuni isolates possessing GBS-associated LOS genes among travelers and children, but changes between those with hcp were significant (p < 0.05).

High prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni CC21 and CC257 clonal complexes in children with gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran

“…Each clonal complex is represented by a circle, numbers in each circle related to STs. the number of isolates is shown in brackets classes A, B and C in children with gastroenteritis which is consistent with our results [25].…”

High prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni CC21 and CC257 clonal complexes in children with gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran

“…The prevalence of LOS class B was (11/20; 55%), followed by class C (5/20; 25%), while class A was not detected. Serichantalergs et al, also reported the sialylated LOS classes A, B and C in children with gastroenteritis which is consistent with our results [25].…”

Perfil virulento, disseminação fenotípica e distribuição espacial e sazonal de Campylobacter jejuni isoladas de carcaças de frango no Brasil

“…We hope that this study will help to better understand the potential risks that C. jejuni represents for the population and support the surveillance agencies in tracking and adopting measures to minimize the dangers that this pathogen poses to public health. [5,6,7,8].…”

“…As flagelinas codificadas, garantem o potencial máximo de virulência da espécie e a ausência de uma delas pode reduzir o potencial patogênico das cepas (ALMOFTI et al, 2011).Nas etapas iniciais da infecção, a propulsão em forma de saca rolhas dos flagelos é imprescindível para a movimentação do corpo celular helicoidal e permite a adesão e colonização das células bacterianas frente ao ambiente mucoso do intestino(HERMANS et al, 2012). Já nos processos de adesão, a motilidade mediada pelos flagelos é primordial para garantir a adesão em superfícies bióticas e abióticas e envolve estruturas altamente glicosadas como as flagelinas(SULAEMAN et al, 2012;SCHMIDT et al, 2019; KLANCNIK et al, 2020…”

“…avicultura brasileira destaca-se no mundo por se manter desde 2008 como o maior exportador de carnes de frangos e o segundo maior produtor. Dos produtos exportados pelo Brasil, a carne de frango e seus derivados correspondem a 66% do total atingindo 13 milhões de toneladas e receita de6.994 milhões de dólares em 2019, demonstrando a importância do setor para a Em estudo realizado porSilva e colaboradores (2014) foi detectado positividade de 61% (61/100) em amostras de fezes de aves com idades de 40 a 45 dias de 17 aviários da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Na Europa as contaminações de carne de frango por Campylobacter correspondem a 37,5%, Alemanha, Eslováquia, França e Espanha estão entre os países com mais relatos de surtos de campilobacteriose(EFSA, 2019).…”