An extensive intertidal reef flat in the macro-tidal marine waters of the Northern Territory was chosen to investigate species composition and zonation persisting under extreme environmental conditions. Thirty-six visual belt transects were used to quantify scleractininan corals, benthic algae and other sessile invertebrates which varied in vertical and horizontal space. Thirty-four coral species were identified. Most species were represented by the family Merulinidae, with lifeform characteristics typical of species specialised in environmental tolerance to high sedimentation, turbidity and temperature (i.e. massive, sub-massive and encrusting growth forms with convex and steep sided morphologies, thick skeletal tissue and large polyps). Whilst the combination of environmental and ecological characteristics of this reef flat community can be viewed as distinctive to the Darwin region, a number of similarities can be compared to reef communities reported in extreme environments of the Arabian Gulf, Red Sea and other regions of tropical northern Australia. Ferns, Lawrance W. 2016. "Coral communities in extreme environmental conditions in the Northern Territory, Australia." Northern Territory Naturalist 27, 84-96.