Distribution of &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C-Phenytoin in Rat Purkinje Cells, Cerebellar and Cerebral Neuronal Tissue after a Single Intraperitoneal Injection

Savolainen, H.; Iivanainen, M; Elovaara, E; Tammisto, P.

doi:10.1159/000115135

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Evidence for cause and effect is not always clear-cut; some reports suggest that cerebellar degeneration is secondary to seizure-mediated cell loss rather than a direct effect of phenytoin. However, phenytoin has been shown to be toxic to Purkinje cells in vitro [5][6][7][8][9]. The prevalence of cerebellar damage in chronic phenytoin use and the clinical and radiological phenotype remain unclear.…”

Section: Phenytoin (C 15 H 12 N 2 0 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenytoin-related ataxia in patients with epilepsy: clinical and radiological characteristics

Shanmugarajah

Hoggard

Aeschlimann

et al. 2018

Seizure

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Phenytoin (C 15 H 12 N 2 0 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenytoin-related ataxia in patients with epilepsy: clinical and radiological characteristics

Shanmugarajah

Hoggard

Aeschlimann

et al. 2018

Seizure

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All epoxides show inherent chemical and biological reactivity, so that they may bind covalently to protein and nucleic acids, for example (20). High uptake of ''C-labeled PHT has been demonstrated in rat Purkinje cells (21), which might have occurred from slow clearance of the drug in this particular fraction or from the accumulation of toxic metabolites.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side effects of phenobarbital and phenytoin during long-term treatment of epilepsy

Livanainen

Savolainen

1983

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T Phenobarbital and phenytoin have good antiepileptic effect, but clinically significant untoward effects occur during their long-term use. Phenobarbital may cause hyperactivity, behavioral problems, sedation, and even dementia; these effects are dose related to some extent. Side effects of phenytoin include sedation, a cerebellar syndrome, phenytoin encephalopathy, psychosis, locomotor dysfunction, hyperkinesia, megaloblastic anemia, decreased serum folate level, decreased bone mineral content, liver disease, IgA deficiency, gingival hyperplasia, and a lupus-like hypersensitivity syndrome. Especially susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of phenytoin are epileptic children with severe brain damage who are on multiple drugs. In those children, balance disturbance may develop and be followed by gradual loss of locomotion. Among 131 mentally retarded epileptic patients, phenytoin intoxication occurred in 73 (56 YG), of whom 18 experienced persistent loss of locomotion. There is experimental evidence that the toxic action of phenytoin lies at the cellular level, predominantly in the cerebellum. Many experts avoid the long-term use of phenytoin because of its insidious and potentially dangerous side effects. Phenobarbital (PB) and phenytoin (PHT) are classic antiepileptic drugs, but insidous and severe untoward effects have been associated with their use. These effects may include impaired mental capacity, disturbed body balance, and even loss of locomotion, which may jeopardize the effective control of epileptic seizures. Therefore, physicians are confused as to whether these drugs should be used at all; if so, then they want to know how the drug therapy should be arranged. This report surveys the clinical neurotoxicity and other side effects of PB and PHT during long-term treatment of epilepsy, including their possible mechanisms and significance in clinical practice, and offers quidelines for the management of affected patients.

show abstract

Phenytoin: Basic and clinical pharmacology

Jones

Wimbish

McIntosh

1983

Medicinal Research Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Distribution of <sup>14</sup>C-Phenytoin in Rat Purkinje Cells, Cerebellar and Cerebral Neuronal Tissue after a Single Intraperitoneal Injection

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Phenytoin-related ataxia in patients with epilepsy: clinical and radiological characteristics

Phenytoin-related ataxia in patients with epilepsy: clinical and radiological characteristics

Side effects of phenobarbital and phenytoin during long-term treatment of epilepsy

Phenytoin: Basic and clinical pharmacology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About