Distribution of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Antibiotics Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococci

Nagarkoti, Dharma; Prajapati, Krishna; Sharma, Ajay; Gyawali, Aarogya; Manandhar, Sarita

doi:10.33314/jnhrc.v18i4.2891

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Out of 38 S. aureus , 67.5% were MDR, and 50% were MRSA. Similar findings were reported by studies in Nepal [ 21 , 23 ]. Higher percentages were reported by studies in Nepal [ 14 , 22 , 24 , 26 ] while lower percentages were reported by other studies in Nepal [ 20 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Also, 18.5% of S. aureus were MS phenotypes. Similar findings were reported by studies in Nepal [ 20 , 23 ] while higher percentages were reported by other studies in Nepal [ 23 , 26 ]. These variances in the reporting of MLSB resistance among S. aureus might be related to changes in circulating clones, as well as disparities in infection prevention measures and antibiotic prescribing trends in different hospital settings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similar findings were reported by studies in Nepal [ 21 ] and elsewhere [ 17 , 18 ]. However, higher percentages were reported by other studies in Nepal [ 22 , 23 , 26 ] and elsewhere [ 11 , 14 ]. And, lower percentages were reported by other studies in Nepal [ 12 , 20 , 25 ] and elsewhere [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

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Staphylococcus aureus with inducible clindamycin resistance and methicillin resistance in a tertiary hospital in Nepal

Thapa¹,

Pyakurel²,

Thapa³

et al. 2021

Trop Med Health

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Background Staphylococcus aureus is a global public health issue in both community and hospital settings. Management of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections are tough owing to its resistance to many antibiotics. Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics are commonly used for the management of MRSA. This study was aimed to determine the occurrence of inducible clindamycin- and methicillin-resistant S. aureus at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods A total of 1027 clinical samples were processed following standard laboratory procedures and antibiotic susceptibility testing of S. aureus was performed by disc diffusion method. MRSA isolates were detected phenotypically using cefoxitin disc, and inducible clindamycin resistance was detected phenotypically using the D-zone test. Results Of 1027 samples, 321 (31.2%) were culture positive, of which 38 (11.8%) were S. aureus. All S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, and 25 (67%) of S. aureus isolates were multidrug-resistant. Similarly, 15 (39.5%) of S. aureus were MRSA and 14 (36.5%) were inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotypes. Conclusion Inducible clindamycin and methicillin resistance were common in S. aureus. This emphasizes that the methicillin resistance test and the D-zone test should be incorporated into the routine antibiotic susceptibility testing in hospital settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Staphylococcus aureus with inducible clindamycin resistance and methicillin resistance in a tertiary hospital in Nepal

Thapa¹,

Pyakurel²,

Thapa³

et al. 2021

Trop Med Health

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“…Clindamycin is used in soft tissue infections due to its efficacy against MRSA . Clindamycin is also a choice for outpatient treatment because of its cost, availability, and effectiveness against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [ 78 , 79 ]. The combination with quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) was frequently used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Treatment Challenges in the Management of Infective Spondylodiscitis Associated with Hemodialysis: A Comprehensive Review of Literature and Case Series Analysis

Ratiu,

Moisa,

Țiburcă

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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Infective spondylodiscitis (ISD), the infection of vertebral bodies and surrounding tissues, is a rare complication with major impact on the long-term survival of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Although the most frequent etiology is staphylococcal, identifying these pathogens in blood cultures and biopsy cultures is often difficult. This paper aims to present suitable antibiotic combinations for the treatment of these patients, which is usually challenging in the case of an unidentified pathogen. We presented the therapies applied for 13 HD patients and 19 patients without chronic kidney disease (CKD), diagnosed with ISD between 2013 and 2023 in Bihor County. The percentage of positive blood cultures was low in both groups (30.78% HD vs. 15.78% non-HD). The average length of antibiotic therapy was 5.15 weeks in HD patients and 6.29 weeks in non-HD patients. The use of Carbapenem alone (e.g., Meropenem) for an average of 19.6 days for patients in HD when the pathogen was not identified has proven to be efficient in most cases, similarly to using Vancomycin and Fluoroquinolone/Cephalosporines in combination. Regarding the non-CKD patients, the use of Clindamycin in various combinations for an average of 30.3 days has proven to be efficient in more than 90% of cases of ISD with a nonidentified pathogen. Within 2 years after ISD was diagnosed, 12 of the 13 HD patients passed away, mainly due to cardiovascular causes. Unfortunately, there are no guidelines in the literature concerning the empiric treatment of ISD in the particular case of HD patients. Upon checking the literature on PubMed and Google Scholar, only 10 studies provided relevant data regarding ISD treatment for HD patients. More data about the treatment and evolution of these patients is needed in order to elaborate a truly relevant metanalysis.

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“…Quite a number of studies on the impact of diverse classes of antibiotics in different animal models have been initiatedwith varied, wide-ranging and insightful outcome. Our test antibiotic (Clindamycin-hydrochloride) which is a lincosamide antibiotic has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity including but not limited to, the management of septicemia; intra-abdominal, lower respiratory and gynecological infections; bone and skin related infections and a host of others (Al Khaja and Sequeira, 2021;Nagarkoti et al, 2021). It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by preventing the formation of peptide bonds thus, exhibiting bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal activity depending on, the causative organism, location of infection and therapeutic dose (Park et al, 2019;Struzycka et al, 2019;Ma et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of clindamycin-hydrochloride in healthy rodents

Onyegbula,

Edonkumoh

2024

njpr

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Background: Systemic administration of clindamycin-hydrochloride (an antibiotic) is mainly associated with gastro-intestinal disturbances and allergic reactions. Little is known of its haematological and biochemical toxicity. Objective: To evaluate the haematological and biochemical changes associated with indiscriminate administration of oral clindamycin-hydrochloride in clinically healthy rodents. Materials and Methods: Twenty Wistar rats (130-189 grams) divided into four groups (A-D) of five rats each were used. Rats in group A (control) were treated with distilled water. Groups B-D received 0.2mL (below normal dose), 0.4mL (normal dose) and 1.0mL (above normal dose) of clindamycin-hydrochloride (75mg/5mL) at 8 hourly intervals, three times daily for 14 days, respectively. Thereafter, blood was collected through both ocular and cardiac puncture into ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and lithium heparin bottles for evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters, respectively. Results: Significant (P < 0.05) increases in total white blood cell (WBC) counts and decreases in eosinophil (Eos) counts occurred in clindamycin-treated rats. In addition, significant (P < 0.05) increases in concentrations of Total cholesterol, Triglyceride and High-density lipoprotein, respectively, as well as decreases in concentrations of Albumin, Alanine transaminase and Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, respectively also occurred in clindamycin-treated rats. Conclusion: Indiscriminate use of clindamycin-hydrochloride produces adverse haematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats which may be a reflection of systemic toxicity, allergic reaction as well as liver and kidney dysfunction.

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Distribution of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Antibiotics Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococci

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Staphylococcus aureus with inducible clindamycin resistance and methicillin resistance in a tertiary hospital in Nepal

Staphylococcus aureus with inducible clindamycin resistance and methicillin resistance in a tertiary hospital in Nepal

Antimicrobial Treatment Challenges in the Management of Infective Spondylodiscitis Associated with Hemodialysis: A Comprehensive Review of Literature and Case Series Analysis

Toxic effects of clindamycin-hydrochloride in healthy rodents

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