Distribution of perfluorinated compounds in Lake Taihu (China): Impact to human health and water standards

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The distribution in water and sediment, the sources/sinks and the risk of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) . PFOS was largely associated with sediment, whereas short chain PFCs predominated in water. The partition coefficient (Kd) was positively correlated with the organic carbon fraction (ƒ oc ) for PFOS but not for the other PFCs. The organic carbon normalized partition coefficient (Koc) increased by 0.51 log units for each additional CF2 moiety from perfluoro-butanesulfonate (PFBS) to PFOS. For the same chain length but different functional groups, the log Koc of PFOS was 1.35 units higher than PFOA. PFOS exhibited the highest affinity for sediment through the partition mechanism, and ƒoc affected the sediment as a sink of PFOS. Although there was no immediate health impact by the intake of the water alone, the consumption of aquatic products may cause potential health risks for animals/humans on the time scale of months to years. The relationship between the concentration, water-sediment distribution, bioaccumulation and toxicity should be considered in determining the water standards of PFCs.

Legacy and emerging organic contaminants in two sympatric shark species from Reunion Island (Southwest Indian Ocean): Levels, profiles and maternal transfer

“…Concentrations of ∑PFCAs, including long-chain compounds (C ≥ 8), were higher than PFOS concentrations (on average by a factor of 11 and 17 in bull and tiger sharks, respectively) in all samples (the above-mentioned male bull shark outlier excluded), consistent with the higher bioaccumulative abilities of these compounds versus their short-chain counterparts (Kelly et al, 2009;Martin et al, 2003;Pan et al, 2014). More specifically, PFCA profiles showed a predominance of odd-chain length compounds (PFTrDA and PFUnDA) versus even-chain (PFDA, PFDoDA and PFTeDA) (Figure 4), as previously observed in fish (Martin et al, 2003;Sturm and Ahrens, 2010), including in the Indian Ocean (Munschy et al, 2020).…”

Spatial distribution and partitioning behavior of selected poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in freshwater ecosystems: A French nationwide survey

“…It has been previously suggested to plot K d as a function of f OC for the purpose of normalizing PFAS levels in the sediment to those in the dissolved phase (e.g., Pan et al, 2014). In our study, this approach was not Table 2 Average PFAS partitioning coefficients log K d and log K oc obtained from 2 methods: i) calculation based on matching pairs only (the analyte level in the dissolved phase and in the sediment must be above the LOD); and ii) regression with the cenken function from NADA.…”

Shifts in production of perfluoroalkyl acids affect emissions and concentrations in the environment of the Xiaoqing River Basin, China

“…Although recent studies implied that PFOA is becoming the dominant PFAA in surface waters, such as Taihu Lake, China (max. 136 ng/L) [17], Hanjiang River, China (max. 256 ng/L) [28]; Yodo River Basin, Japan (max.…”