Distribution of reactive oxygen species defense mechanisms across domain bacteria

Johnson, Lisa A.; Hug, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.032

Cited by 93 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…We confirmed that transcriptional regulation also resulted in increased catalase protein activity using a gel‐based activity assay for catalases (Appendix Fig S9A, see Materials and Methods for details) after exposure to PenG. We also included an assay for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, since SODs are broadly conserved, important ROS scavenging enzymes (Johnson & Hug, 2019). Consistent with the observed transcript levels (Fig 8B), catalases were only induced in the wild type, but not the mutant (Fig 8B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

A multifaceted cellular damage repair and prevention pathway promotes high‐level tolerance to β‐lactam antibiotics

et al. 2021

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

A multifaceted cellular damage repair and prevention pathway promotes high‐level tolerance to β‐lactam antibiotics

et al. 2021

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“…This compartmentalization is functional for the targeting of O − 2 , the leakage of which is highly restricted by the negative charge in the periplasm and H 2 O 2 in the cytoplasm (Aussel et al, 2011;Fang, 2011). The complexity of the anti-ROS defenses is further increased by the presence of more than one gene for each class of ROS-scavenger enzyme that encodes enzymes that differ in cofactor requirements, regulation, and sub-cellular localization (Fang, 2011;Imlay, 2019;Johnson and Hug, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escaping the Phagocytic Oxidative Burst: The Role of SODB in the Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Within Macrophages

et al. 2020

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are small oxygen-derived molecules that are used to control infections by phagocytic cells. In macrophages, the oxidative burst produced by the NOX2 NADPH-oxidase is essential to eradicate engulfed pathogens by both oxidative and non-oxidative killing. Indeed, while the superoxide anion (O − 2) produced by NOX2, and the other ROS derived from its transformation, can directly target pathogens, ROS also contribute to activation of non-oxidative microbicidal effectors. The response of pathogens to the phagocytic oxidative burst includes the expression of different enzymes that target ROS to reduce their toxicity. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are the primary scavengers of O − 2 , which is transformed into H 2 O 2. In the Gram-negative Salmonella typhimurium, periplasmic SODCI has a major role in bacterial resistance to NOX-mediated oxidative stress. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the two periplasmic SODs, SODB, and SODM, appear to contribute to bacterial virulence in small-animal models. Furthermore, NOX2 oxidative stress is essential to restrict P. aeruginosa survival in macrophages early after infection. Here, we focused on the role of P. aeruginosa SODs in the counteracting of the lethal effects of the macrophage oxidative burst. Through this study of the survival of sod mutants in macrophages and the measurement of ROS in infected macrophages, we have identified a dual, antagonistic, role for SODB in P. aeruginosa survival. Indeed, the survival of the sodB mutants, but not of the sodM mutants, was greater than that of the wild-type (WT) bacteria early after infection, and sodB-infected macrophages showed higher levels of O − 2 and lower levels of H 2 O 2. This suggests that SODB contributes to the production of lethal doses of H 2 O 2 within the phagosome. However, later on following infection, the sodB mutants survived less that the WT bacteria, which highlights the pro-survival role of SODB. We have explained this defensive role through an investigation of the activation of autophagy, which was greater in the sodB-infected macrophages.

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“…While we can only speculate regarding the interaction between ROS production and increased abundance of this bacterial phylum, it is possible that increased oxidative stress in MP fish promotes the growth of these bacteria. Indeed, while cells of many micro and macro-organisms are typically affected by ROS [ 68 , 90 , 91 ], some microbial species, including members of the Bacteriodetes , have effective defense mechanisms against damaging oxidative stress, which may give them a selective advantage over other micro-organisms [ 92 , 93 , 94 ]. Alternatively, it is possible that the proliferation of these bacteria may be the underlying cause of oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of MP Polyethylene Microparticles on Microbiome and Inflammatory Response of Larval Zebrafish

Kurchaba

Cassone

Northam

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Plastic polymers have quickly become one of the most abundant materials on Earth due to their low production cost and high versatility. Unfortunately, some of the discarded plastic can make its way into the environment and become fragmented into smaller microscopic particles, termed secondary microplastics (MP). In addition, primary MP, purposely manufactured microscopic plastic particles, can also make their way into our environment via various routes. Owing to their size and resilience, these MP can then be easily ingested by living organisms. The effect of MP particles on living organisms is suspected to have negative implications, especially during early development. In this study, we examined the effects of polyethylene MP ingestion for four and ten days of exposure starting at 5 days post-fertilization (dpf). In particular, we examined the effects of polyethylene MP exposure on resting metabolic rate, on gene expression of several inflammatory and oxidative stress linked genes, and on microbiome composition between treatments. Overall, we found no evidence of broad metabolic disturbances or inflammatory markers in MP-exposed fish for either period of time. However, there was a significant increase in the oxidative stress mediator L-FABP that occurred at 15 dpf. Furthermore, the microbiome was disrupted by MP exposure, with evidence of an increased abundance of Bacteroidetes in MP fish, a combination frequently found in intestinal pathologies. Thus, it appears that acute polyethylene MP exposure can increase oxidative stress and dysbiosis, which may render the animal more susceptible to diseases.

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Distribution of reactive oxygen species defense mechanisms across domain bacteria

Cited by 93 publications

References 94 publications

A multifaceted cellular damage repair and prevention pathway promotes high‐level tolerance to β‐lactam antibiotics

A multifaceted cellular damage repair and prevention pathway promotes high‐level tolerance to β‐lactam antibiotics

Escaping the Phagocytic Oxidative Burst: The Role of SODB in the Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Within Macrophages

Effects of MP Polyethylene Microparticles on Microbiome and Inflammatory Response of Larval Zebrafish

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