Distribution of sensory taste thresholds for phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste ability in North Indian Muslim populations

Hussain, Ruqaiya; Shah, Ahsana; Afzal, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.ejmhg.2013.06.003

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The data on PTC taste ability is extensive and a considerable deal of research has been conducted worldwide. Previous studies found the percentage frequency of non-tasters for PTC taste ability in Indians is 33.62% [42] which corresponds to 34.375% and 32.26 % (phenotypic and genotypic analyses, respectively) in the current study. Our findings were almost identical to those of this research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Genetic and Phenotypic Variations in Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Receptors in Iraqi Population

Nubgan

2023

Iraqi Journal of Science

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Bitter substances are identified by protein receptors located on surface of taste cell membranes. Mutational polymorphism of the bitter taste receptor (TAS2R38) is a significant determinant in phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) threshold perception. This research's objectives were to find TAS2R38 polymorphisms in Iraqi people and investigate any correlations between genotype and the PTC taste sensitivity. Bitterness sensitivity was determined by assessing the capacity to differentiate and the responsiveness to a representative strip of PTC. Cheek cells samples were collected for DNA extraction, PCR amplification and genotyping. PCR was performed to amplify the short region of the TAS2R38 gene containing the initial polymorphisms of interest (145G > C, rs713598). Amplified samples were digested by the restriction enzyme (HaeIII) to study the genetic variations in TAS2R38 which is involved in PTC bitter sensitivity. This particular study included a total of 32 different cohorts. The phenotypic frequency of PTC strong-tasters and non-tasters was identical at 34.375% which was a greater value than the frequency of weak-tasters (31.25%). While genotypic data analysis showed that weak-tasters had a genotypic frequency of 45.16% which was higher than the genotypic frequencies of strong-taters (22.58%) and non-tasters (32.26%) respectively. In addition to this, 87.1% of the projected phenotypic and genotypic frequencies were in agreement with one another. Even though more detailed statistical analysis with a bigger group is needed. The results of this study suggest that allelic variation in the single locus TAS2R38 rs713598 works as a crucial genetic marker for bitterness sensitivity and has vital roles in the bitter tasting ability among Iraqi population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Genetic and Phenotypic Variations in Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Receptors in Iraqi Population

Nubgan

2023

Iraqi Journal of Science

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“…It has been shown that distribution of PTC tasters and non-tasters in the populations is bimodal [40]. As for discussions and for comparative purposes it should be noted that despite the autosomal nature of the sensitivity to PTC there is a trend to the fact that some more tasters are found among females than among males in the world populations studied [41]; although in one of the studies it was shown that the average threshold of the sensitivity to PTC was slightly higher among females compared to males (the differences were not statistically significant) [42]. It can be assumed that males, phenotypic non-tasters, have adaptation to the substances with a bitter taste, with which they traditionally have more frequent contact (alcohol, tobacco) than females.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The population structure of Ukraine in relation to the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity

Filiptsova

Timoshyna

Kobets

et al. 2015

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics

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Background: The taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is one of the classical genetic markers in human studies. PTC is of great interest from the medical point of view since a number of associations of the taster status with human diseases have been found. The aim of our study was to evaluate the population structure of Ukraine in relation to PTC sensitivity.Methods: The study involved 533 people (78 males and 455 females) aged from 16 to 25 years. The PTC solution in the concentration of 0.13% was prepared according to the method of Harris and Kalmus. The participants of the study analyzed the taste of the filter paper impregnated with PTC. If the trial subjects tasted PTC as ''bitter'', ''very bitter'', ''bitterish'', the phenotype was defined as a taster. If the trial subject did not taste PTC (''no taste'', ''taste of paper''), he/she was referred to a non-taster.Results: The structure of the sample of the Ukrainian population studied in relation to the phenotypic and genotypic frequency associated with the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity has been studied. It has been shown that in the population there are 22% of those who do not feel the taste of phenylthiocarbamide. Among males there are a few more non-tasters than among females, however, the differences are not significant. The frequency of the dominant and recessive allele of the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity gene in the sample calculated on the basis of the Hardy-Weinberg equation is generally p T = 0.55 and q t = 0.45, respectively.Conclusions: Frequencies of alleles T and t obtained in the male and female population under research are very close to the frequencies of the same alleles in some populations of India. Data of this study supplement the currently available information in relation to the genetic structure of modern Ukrainian cities.

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“…The gustatory stimulus was also presented on a very small area of the tip of the tongue for a very short time. Many previous studies reported that olfactory sensitivity is significantly higher in females than in males (Hummel, Kobal, Gudziol, & Mackay‐Sim, ; Koelega, ; Schienle & Schöpf, ), whereas multiple studies of gustatory sensitivity indicated no significant difference between females and males (Hong et al, ; Hussain, Shah, & Afzal, ; Kunka, Doty, & Settle, ), although one study (Tunsuriyawong, Bagla, & Doty, ) reported that gustatory sensitivity is slightly higher in females than in males. Moreover, regarding the methods of stimulus presentation used in this study, we knew empirically that males do not perceive olfactory or gustatory stimuli with the same probability as females, even though the males do not necessarily report experiencing subjective olfactory or gustatory disorders in daily life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Trial measurement of brain activity underlying olfactory–gustatory synchrony perception using event‐related potentials from five female participants

Gotow

Kobayakawa

2018

J of Neuroscience Research

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Temporal synchrony between odor and taste plays an important role in flavor perception. When we investigate temporal synchrony between odor and taste, it is necessary to pay attention not only to physical simultaneity of the presentation of olfactory and gustatory stimuli, but also to the perceptual simultaneity between the two stimuli. In this study, we examined short-latency brain activity underlying synchrony perception for olfactory-gustatory combinations. While five female participants performed a simultaneity judgment (SJ) task using soy sauce odor and salt solution, single-channel event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded at the position of Cz. In each trial, the participant was asked whether olfactory and gustatory stimuli were perceived simultaneously or successively. Based on the judgment responses acquired from participants (i.e., simultaneous or successive), ERP data were classified into two datasets. The means of ERPs from each participant were calculated for each type of judgment response, considering the onset of olfactory or gustatory stimuli (OERPs or GERPs, respectively) as the starting point. The latencies of the P1 component of GERPs were very similar between simultaneous and successive judgment responses, whereas the P1 amplitudes differed significantly. These results indicated that neural activity affecting SJ for an olfactory-gustatory combination is generated during a period of about 130 ms from the onset of gustatory stimulus. Thus, olfactory and gustatory information processing related to flavor perception (more specially, synchrony perception between odor and taste) might be initiated at a relatively early stage of the central pathway.

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Distribution of sensory taste thresholds for phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste ability in North Indian Muslim populations

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Genetic and Phenotypic Variations in Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Receptors in Iraqi Population

Genetic and Phenotypic Variations in Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Receptors in Iraqi Population

The population structure of Ukraine in relation to the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity

Trial measurement of brain activity underlying olfactory–gustatory synchrony perception using event‐related potentials from five female participants

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