Distribution of spermatozoa in the reproductive tract of the Romney ewe

Lang, D. R.; Ohf, Y.K.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1970.10421205

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This result is consistent with those of Mattner (1963), Quinlivan & Robinson (1967 and Lang & Oh (1970), who found that 16 to 24 hr after mating or insemination, the accumulation in the oviduct of spermatozoa which are gradually released from the cervical reservoir (Quinlan, Mare & Roux, 1933;Mattner, 1963Mattner, , 1966 is at a maximum. When restricted sperm doses are used, inseminations carried out too early result in exhaustion of the sperm reserve before ovulation has taken place, which coincides, on average, with the end of oestrus in sheep (McKenzie & Terrill, 1937;.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

The Conception Rate of Ewes in Relation to Sperm Dose and Time of Insemination

Schindler¹,

Amir²

1973

Reproduction

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The effect of different sperm doses on the conception rate has been studied by Salamon (1962), Gancev (1963) and Kareta, Osikowski & Wierzbowski (1966), but without relation to a possible effect of time of insemination. Jones, Martin & Lapwood (1969) and Entwistle & Martin (1972) studied the effect of restricted sperm doses (100 \ m=x\ 106 and 50 \ m=x\ 106 spermatozoa) and, by relating the results to vaginal mucus score, found that the highest conception rate occurred in ewes with a copious, clear or cloudy mucus at the time of insemination. On the other hand, in recent work in this laboratory , it was shown that with the use of 300 to 500 \ m=x\106 freshly ejaculated spermatozoa, single inseminations of ewes were of uniform and high efficiency almost throughout oestrus. The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the possibility that the time range for obtaining maximal results may be more limited with reduced sperm numbers. The stages of oestrus were defined in terms of time intervals after its onset or before its end, since the mucus score was only a rough guide for the determination of the stage of oestrus .In the first experiment, a total of 206 cycling, non-lactating Awassi and German Mutton Merino ewes were inseminated. The onset and duration of standing heat were determined by teasing with aproned rams in small groups for 30 min at 8-hr intervals, under the close supervision of the herdsman. Ewes in oestrus were immediately withdrawn and teasing was continued at 8-hr intervals until after the end of heat, when they were returned to the flock. This procedure ensured equal exposure of all ewes to the rams and also made it possible to relate the insemination results to the end of oestrus. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina from fourteen rams in a random sequence. Only ejaculates with strong wave motion and a minimum con¬ centration of 3-5 x 109 spermatozoa/ml were used. The semen was immediately diluted at 30°C with reconstituted skimmed milk according to the method of Colas, Dauzier, Courot, Ortavant & Signoret (1968). The dilution ratio was adjusted for each ejaculate so as to provide 800 IO6 spermatozoa/ml. The diluted semen was kept at 25 to 30°C until insemination, which was carried out within 1 hr of ejaculation.

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supporting

confidence: 93%

The Conception Rate of Ewes in Relation to Sperm Dose and Time of Insemination

Schindler¹,

Amir²

1973

Reproduction

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“…This time-scale is even more rapid than has been previously inferred from reports of significant numbers of spermatozoa being recovered from the cervix at varying times from 15 min to 2 h after insemination (e.g. Mattner 1963a; Quinlivan and Robinson 1969;Lang and Oh 1970;Lightfoot and Salamon 1970;Hawk and Conley 1975;Croker et al 1975). Also, Quinlivan and Robinson (1967) claimed that cervical reservoirs are established within 1 h of insemination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Hence the chances of conception will be dependent on the speed of establishment of an adequate population of spermatozoa in the cervix. The speed that such a population is established in the ewe is unknown although it is likely to be within a few hours of mating because large numbers of spermatozoa have been reported in the cervix from 15 min to 2 h after mating or insemination (Mattner 1963a; Quinlivan and Robinson 1969;Lang and Oh 1970;Lightfoot and Salamon 1970;Hawk and Conley 1975;Croker et al 1975). During the period required to establish an adequate cervical population of spermatozoa the vagina must act as a reservoir for spermatozoa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Required for Spermatozoa to Remain in the Vagina of the Ewe to Ensure Conception

Tilbrook¹,

Pearce²

1986

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Oestrous ewes (N = 202) were inseminated with O· I ml of semen containing 500 X 10 6 motile spermatozoa and the spermatozoa were flushed from their vaginae either immediately or 0'25, 0'5, I, 2, 4 and 8 h after insemination. Pregnancy was determined by returns to service and laparoscopy. Some ewes became pregnant (l0' 71 %) after spermatozoa had been flushed from the vagina only seconds after insemination and about 40% of ewes became pregnant after spermatozoa had been in the vagina for 15 min. Maximum conception (55%) was achieved when spermatozoa had been in the vagina for at least 2 h. It was concluded that the losses of spermatozoa that occur from the vagina will not influence the chance of a ewe conceiving because sufficient spermatozoa to ensure a normal conception move up the reproductive tract before large losses from the vagina take effect.

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Hyperactivated motility patterns of ram spermatozoa recovered from the oviducts of mated ewes

Cummins

1982

Gamete Research

108

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The contents of the oviducts of ewes were recovered by flushing with small volumes of culture medium, 22'/2-241/4 hr after mating. The ampulla was flushed separately from the uterotubal junction and isthmus. Among the motile spermatozoa recovered, a proportion exhibited "hyperactivated" motility, also known as "activated", or "whiplash" motility. This was characterized by increased flexion of the neck, increased amplitude of the flagellar waves, and marked asymmetry of beat. Two types of hyperactivation appeared: in the first, spermatozoa swam in a repetitive, nonprogressive circling pattern and appeared to have intact acrosome caps; in the second, the spermatozoa showed a propensity to stick to glass by the equatorial segment and most had modified or missing acrosome caps. The proportions of motile spermatozoa exhibiting hyperactivation were greatest in the ampullae, as were the proportions with modified or absent acrosomes. Hyperactivation is a capacitation-associated phenomenon that has now been reported for one or more species from seven orders of eutherian mammals. It may well be a universal aspect of the prefertilization behavior of mammalian spermatozoa and is probably of advantage to the fertilizing spermatozoon within the oviduct.

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Distribution of spermatozoa in the reproductive tract of the Romney ewe

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

The Conception Rate of Ewes in Relation to Sperm Dose and Time of Insemination

The Conception Rate of Ewes in Relation to Sperm Dose and Time of Insemination

Time Required for Spermatozoa to Remain in the Vagina of the Ewe to Ensure Conception

Hyperactivated motility patterns of ram spermatozoa recovered from the oviducts of mated ewes

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