Distribution of Stubborn Disease in Iran

Cochran, L. C.; Samadi, Mehrdad

doi:10.5070/c53tn9w703

International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010)

1976

DOI: 10.5070/c53tn9w703

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Distribution of Stubborn Disease in Iran

L. C. Cochran¹,

Mehrdad Samadi²

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1979

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“…Some growth abnormalities have been noted during the course of heat treatments (around 38° to 40°C) of citrus cultivars for elimination of certain pathogens (13,15) which appeared to be due to high temperature. Certain leaf abnormalities in Khuzestan in southwest Iran appear to result from exposure to high temperature (4,12). Calavan and Oldfield (2) have suggested that some abnormalities produced by very high temperatures on citrus may be confused with symptoms of the pathogen Spiroplasma citri.…”

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Some High Temperature Effects on Citrus Growth1

Reuther

Nauer

Roistacher

1979

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Growth chamber studies with several common citrus species (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb., C. aurantium L., C. reticulata Blanco, C. limon (L.) Burm) and a hybrid (C. sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Rat) indicate abnormal growth developed during 2.5 months of sublethal high temperature stress. Hot treatment (38° day/28°C night) reduced shoot elongation and leaves were smaller, broader, and more upright than those on the warm (28°/22°) controls. Some leaves in the hot treatment were cordate in shape with abnormal venation. Growth of dormant axillary buds on decapitated shoots was inhibited with continuously maintained stress at 40° over an 8 day period. Buds were killed when stress was applied after they had commenced to swell. Young, partially grown leaves became distorted and faintly yellow-brown in color when given 40° for 8 days.

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confidence: 99%

Some High Temperature Effects on Citrus Growth1

Reuther

Nauer

Roistacher

1979

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Genetic diversity of strains of Spiroplasma citri isolated in southern Iran

et al. 2022

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Citrus Stubborn Disease in Iraq and Syria: Correlation Between Symptom Expression and Detection of Spiroplasma Citri by Culture and ELISA

Bové¹,

Vignault²,

Fos³

1984

International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010)

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Detection of Spiroplasma citri Saglio et al. by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by culturing has been used to diagnose citrus stubborn disease in Syria and Iraq. There was an excellent correlation between symptom expression and detection of S. eitri by these techniques. Stubborn symptoms in Syria are similar to those in California and Mediterranean countries. The disease is widespread within the Lattaquia-Tartous area. Young, 3-4 year-old trees propagated in this area from budwood found to be free of stubborn by repeated indexing in Corsica, showed stubborn symptoms and were found to be infected with S. citri. Natural spread of the spiroplasma is probably involved.I n Iraq, three types of symptoms were used to detect stubborn trees in January: small, lopsided fruit with aborted seeds, sucker-like shoots with blunt, ovoid or palmate leaves, and leaf mottle. All the trees showing these symptoms were infected by S. citri.

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Distribution of Stubborn Disease in Iran

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Some High Temperature Effects on Citrus Growth1

Some High Temperature Effects on Citrus Growth1

Genetic diversity of strains of Spiroplasma citri isolated in southern Iran

Citrus Stubborn Disease in Iraq and Syria: Correlation Between Symptom Expression and Detection of Spiroplasma Citri by Culture and ELISA

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