Distribution of toxaphene, DDT, and PCB among lipoprotein fractions in rat and human plasma

Mohammed, Abdulmalik; Eklúnd, Anders; Östlund-Lindqvist, Ann Margret; Slanina, Premysl

doi:10.1007/bf01971836

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although accounting for lipid levels is sensible, roughly half of serum PCBs are associated with albumin and other proteins that are not lipoproteins (36,37). Whether albumin levels vary substantially among pregnant women from different populations is not clear, although it seems likely that variations in lipid concentration would be a greater source of variation in PCBs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl levels across studies of human neurodevelopment.

Longnecker

Wolff

Gladen

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

249

161

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent pollutants that are ubiquitous in the food chain, and detectable amounts are in the blood of almost every person in most populations that have been examined. Extensive evidence from animal studies shows that PCBs are neurotoxins, even at low doses. Interpretation of human data regarding low-level, early-life PCB exposure and subsequent neurodevelopment is problematic because levels of exposure were not similarly quantified across studies. We expressed the exposure levels from 10 studies of PCB and neurodevelopment in a uniform manner using a combination of data from original investigators, laboratory reanalyses, calculations based on published data, and expert opinion. The mainstay of our comparison was the median level of PCB 153 in maternal pregnancy serum. The median concentration of PCB 153 in the 10 studies ranged from 30 to 450 ng/g serum lipid, and the median of the 10 medians was 110 ng/g. We found that (a)) the distribution of PCB 153 exposure in most studies overlapped substantially, (b)) exposure levels in the Faroe Islands study were about 3-4-fold higher than in most other studies, and (c)) the exposure levels in the two recent U.S. studies were about one-third of those in the four earlier U.S. studies or recent Dutch, German, and northern Qu├ębec studies. Our results will facilitate a direct comparison of the findings on PCBs and neurodevelopment when they are published for all 10 studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl levels across studies of human neurodevelopment.

Longnecker

Wolff

Gladen

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

249

161

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“…High dose of endosulfan lead to decreased sperm count upto 39% and damaging effect on spermatogonial cells as well as sperm morphology [66]. Health effects of PCB have also been described by a number of authors [67][68][69][70][71][72][73].…”

Section: Toxicity Among Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Organochlorine Pesticides: A Review

Singh¹

2016

AJBIO

100

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This study is aimed at compiling the toxicological aspects of organochlorine compounds (OCCs) including pesticides among different animal models. Tests on animal species like Mean Probable Effect Concentration Quotient (PEC-Q) test, DNA repair assays and histopathological examinations have shown positive results for the toxicity of organochlorine pesticides. The results were observed on different animals including fishes, furseals, frogs, rats, bats and humans. In fishes, endosulfan is found to have acute toxicities. Similarly, organophosphorus, synthetic pyrethroids and microbial insecticides were also found to show their toxic effects. Some compounds such as lambda-cyhalothrin showed a very high toxicity on fish followed by fenvalerate, deltamethrin and cypermethrin. Exposure to OCCs can impart foe cell death by inducing Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Pathway (MAPK) which is associated with cell growth differentiation and apoptosis. On studying the genotoxic effects of OCCs on germ cells of mouse, it was observed that a lethal mutation can occur just after one mating interval. Increase in the number of micronucleated cells has also been seen after OCC exposure. Neuro-behavioural studies on rats showed the presence of tremors caused by chlordecone and p,p'DDT. Tumorigenicity by organochlorine pesticides is seen to be an epigenetic mechanism in a DNA repair assay. Acute poisoning was seen in liver, kidney and testis of albino rat due to the toxic effect of dursban and DDT. Great declines in populations have been seen due to OCC toxicity in different animal species. Direct and indirect exposure to these compounds should be reduced so as to minimize the possible health hazards.

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“…Plasma was an ideal medium for this analysis because blood (whole blood, plasma, and serum) has been used to monitor organochlorine contaminants in a variety of avian species (Henny and Meeker, 1981;Henny et al, 1982Henny et al, , 1989Court et al, 1990;Mora et al, 1993), and has been validated as an accurate measure of body levels of organochlorine contaminants in humans (Burse et al, 1980(Burse et al, , 1989Mes et al, 1992), rats (Mohammed et al, 1990), and birds (Henny and Meeker, 1981;Wiemeyer et al, 1984;Clark et al, 1987;Court et al, 1990). In this study blood plasma was used to determine organochlorine levels in peregrines and gyrfalcons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorine Compounds in the Plasma of Peregrine Falcons and Gyrfalcons Nesting in Greenland

Jarman¹,

Burns²,

Mattox³

et al. 1994

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Levels of organochlorine compounds in the blood plasma of after-second-year female peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) were determined from samples collected from southern Greenland in 1985 and western Greenland from 1983 to 1989, and from adult and nestling gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) from western Greenland in 1989 and 1990. Samples were taken during nesting. Levels of p,p'-DDE (DDE) in peregrine plasma were 140 µg/kg wet weight geometric mean (GM) for the southern samples, and 220 µg/kg GM for the western samples. Calculated levels of DDE for eggs from plasma levels are below those associated with declining peregrine populations. Only DDE was found in the gyrfalcon plasma; levels were below 20 µg/kg. In addition to DDE, other organochlorines quantified in peregrine plasma included p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDT, polychlorinated biphenyls, six chlordane compounds, β-HCH, HCB, and Mirex. There was no trend over time for any of the compounds reported in peregrines except HCB, which decreased over the study period. There was no significant difference in the levels of the compounds reported between the regions. Females, which were sampled more than once, showed no clear trends with respect to increasing or decreasing residues.

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Distribution of toxaphene, DDT, and PCB among lipoprotein fractions in rat and human plasma

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl levels across studies of human neurodevelopment.

Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl levels across studies of human neurodevelopment.

Toxic Effects of Organochlorine Pesticides: A Review

Organochlorine Compounds in the Plasma of Peregrine Falcons and Gyrfalcons Nesting in Greenland

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