Distribution of Vitamin E Intake among Japanese Dietary Supplement and Fortified Food Users: A Secondary Analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003-2009

Tsubota‐Utsugi, Megumi; Nakade, Makiko; Imai, Eri; Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, Nobuyo; Nozue, Miho; Umegaki, Keizo; Yoshizawa, Takeshi; Okuda, Nagako; Nishi, Nobuo; Takimoto, Hidemi

doi:10.3177/jnsv.59.576

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Since the AI of vitamin K was not determined using the NHNS-J median intake, the intake of vitamin K is shown in Table appendix-1. Vitamin E was excluded from our analysis because it will be reported separately (18). The intake data for n-6 and n-3 PUFAs were only available for 5 y (2005 to 2009); therefore, we analyzed only 5 y of pooled data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake of Nutrients with Adequate Intake Values in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese

Tsuboyama-Kasaoka

Takizawa

Tsubota‐Utsugi

et al. 2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryThe Adequate Intake (AI) values in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (DRIs-J) 2010 were mainly determined based on the median intakes from 2 y of pooled data (2005)(2006) from the National Health and Nutrition Survey-Japan (NHNS-J). However, it remains unclear whether 2 y of pooled data from the NHNS-J are appropriate for evaluating the intake of the population. To clarify the differences in nutrient intakes determined from 2 and 7 y of pooled data, we analyzed selected nutrient intake levels by sex and age groups using NHNS-J data. Intake data were obtained from 64,624 individuals (age: 1 y; 47.4% men) who completed a semi-weighed 1-d household dietary record that was part of the NHNS-J conducted annually in Japan from 2003 to 2009. There were no large differences between the median intakes calculated from 2 or 7 y of pooled data for n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin D, pantothenic acid, potassium, or phosphorus. When the AI values and median intakes were compared, there was no large difference in the values for n-6 or n-3 PUFAs, pantothenic acid, or phosphorus. Conversely, the AI values for vitamin D and potassium differed from the median intakes of these nutrients for specific sex and age groups, because values were not based on NHNS-J data. Our results indicate that 2 y of pooled data from the NHNS-J adequately reflect the population's intake, and that the current system for determination of AI values will be applicable for future revisions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake of Nutrients with Adequate Intake Values in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese

Tsuboyama-Kasaoka

Takizawa

Tsubota‐Utsugi

et al. 2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Existing literature shows that α-tocopherol is the most abundant in olive fruit reaching maximum concentration of ~89% of total tocopherol content depending on the cultivar and developmental stage, with other tocopherols in olive fruit cultivars reaching maximum concentration ~14% for β-tocopherol, ~42% for γ-tocopherol, and ~26% for δ-tocopherol (Hassapidou and Manoukas, 1993 ; Bruno et al, 2009 ; Muzzalupo et al, 2011 ; Bodoira et al, 2015 ). Tocochromanols are synthesized only by photosynthetic organisms and are potent antioxidants with a direct scavenging effect on cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS; Conde et al, 2008 ; Dellapenna and Mene-Saffrane, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Phytyl diphosphate (Phytyl-PP) is derived either by geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) after reduction by geranylgeranyl reductase or by phytol after phosphorylation by phytol kinase ( VTE5 ). HPP is reduced to HGA by 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase ( HPPD ) which serves as a shared precursor for the biosynthesis of tocopherols and tocotrienols (Figure 1 , modified from Dellapenna and Mene-Saffrane, 2011 ; Ren et al, 2011 ; Yang et al, 2011 ). HGA is further decarboxylated and then condensated with a phytyl diphosphate (Phytyl-PP) into 2-methyl-6-phytylbenzoquinol (MPBQ) by homogentisate phytyl transferase ( VTE2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, the HGA is metabolized into 2-methyl-6-geranylgeranylbenzoquinol ( MGGBQ ) by homogentisate geranylgeranyl tranferase ( HGGT ) and then to δ- and subsequently β- tocotrienol catalyzed by tocopherol cyclase ( VTE1 ) and γ -tocopherol methyl transferase ( VTE4 ), respectively. The biosynthesis of γ- and subsequently α-tocotrienol requires an additional step; the conversion of MGGBQ into 2,3-dimethyl-6-geranylgeranyl-1,4-benzoquinol (DMGGBQ) in addition to the reactions catalyzed by VTE1 and VTE4 (Dellapenna and Mene-Saffrane, 2011 ; Ren et al, 2011 ; Yang et al, 2011 ). The biosynthetic pathway of vitamin E has previously been briefly investigated on other plants such as Solanum lycopersicum (Quadrana et al, 2013 ), Arabidopsis thaliana (Li et al, 2010 ; Zhang et al, 2013 , 2014 ), Nicotiana tabacum (Yabuta et al, 2013 ), and Lactuca sativa (Ren et al, 2011 ; Yabuta et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enzymes/genes are: HPPD, p- or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; HPT or VTE2, homogentisate phytyltransferase or vitamin E2; geranylgeranyl reductase; VTE5, Phytol kinase or vitamin E5; Phytyl phosphate kinase; HGGT, Homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase; MPBQ MT or VTE3, 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinol methyl transferase or vitamin E3; TC or VTE1, Tocopherol cyclase or vitamin E1; γ-TMT or VTE4, γ-tocopherol methyl transferase or vitamin E4. The metabolites are: Phytol; phytyl-P or PMP, Phytyl phosphate; phytyl-PP or PDP, Phytyl diphosphate; GGPP or GGDP, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate = geranylgeranyldiphosphate; HPP, p- or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid; HGA, Homogentisic acid; MPBQ, 2-methyl-6-phytylbenzoquinol; DMPBQ, 2,3-dimethyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinol; MGGBQ, 2-methyl-6-geranylgeranylbenzoquinol; DMGGBQ, 2,3-dimethyl-6-geranylgeranyl-1,4-benzoquinol; α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherols; α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienols (Figure is modified from Dellapenna and Mene-Saffrane, 2011 ; Ren et al, 2011 ; Yang et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal analysis reveals a key role for VTE5 in vitamin E biosynthesis in olive fruit during on-tree development

et al. 2015

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The aim of this work was to generate a high resolution temporal mapping of the biosynthetic pathway of vitamin E in olive fruit (Olea europaea cv. “Koroneiki”) during 17 successive on-tree developmental stages. Fruit material was collected from the middle of June until the end of January, corresponding to 6–38 weeks after flowering (WAF). Results revealed a variable gene regulation pattern among 6–38 WAF studied and more pronounced levels of differential regulation of gene expression for the first and intermediate genes in the biosynthetic pathway (VTE5, geranylgeranyl reductase, HPPD, VTE2, HGGT and VTE3) compared with the downstream components of the pathway (VTE1 and VTE4). Notably, expression of HGGT and VTE2 genes were significantly suppressed throughout the developmental stages examined. Metabolite analysis indicated that the first and intermediate stages of development (6–22 WAF) have higher concentrations of tocochromanols compared with the last on-tree stages (starting from 24 WAF onwards). The concentration of α-tocopherol (16.15 ± 0.60−32.45 ± 0.54 mg/100 g F.W.) were substantially greater (up to 100-fold) than those of β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols (0.13 ± 0.01−0.25 ± 0.03 mg/100 g F.W., 0.13 ± 0.01−0.33 ± 0.04 mg/100 g F.W., 0.14 ± 0.01−0.28 ± 0.01 mg/100 g F.W., respectively). In regard with tocotrienol content, only γ-tocotrienol was detected. Overall, olive fruits (cv. “Koroneiki”) exhibited higher concentrations of vitamin E until 22 WAF as compared with later WAF, concomitant with the expression profile of phytol kinase (VTE5), which could be used as a marker gene due to its importance in the biosynthesis of vitamin E. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the complete biosynthetic pathway of vitamin E in a fruit tree crop of great horticultural importance such as olive, linking molecular gene expression analysis with tocochromanol content.

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Analysis of Dietary Supplement Use and Influencing Factors in the Mongolian Population

Wang

Gao

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Objective. Dietary supplements (DS) may improve micronutrient deficiencies, but the unique eating habits and cultural customs of the Chinese Mongolian population affect their choice of DS. Therefore, this study adopted a cross-sectional method to explore the current status of DS use and to assess the influencing factors in the Mongolian population in Inner Mongolia, China. Methods. We used a multistage random cluster sampling method to select 1,434 Mongolian people aged ≥ 18 years in Hohhot and Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia. Data regarding general patient characteristics and DS use through questionnaire surveys were obtained, and the blood plasma was collected for biochemical index detection. The binary logistic regression and decision tree algorithm were used to predict the factors influencing DS use among the Mongolian population. Results. Among 1,434 participants that completed the baseline survey, the usage rate of DS was 18.83%, and more women than men used DS ( P = 0.017 ). Higher use of DS was reported among individuals aged ≤ 34 years , but this difference is not statistically significant ( P = 0.052 ). Usage rate was higher among those living in urban areas ( P < 0.001 ), those with higher education ( P < 0.001 ), those engaged in mental work ( P < 0.001 ), and nonsmokers ( P = 0.019 ). The biochemical test results showed that the proportion of people with abnormal total cholesterol levels using DS was lower ( P = 0.003 ), but that of those with abnormal triglyceride levels using DS was higher ( P = 0.001 ), compared with the proportion of those with normal levels in each case. The most commonly used supplement was calcium (58.15%). Education level was the main factor affecting DS intake. The results of the binary logistic regression model and decision tree model both showed that region, educational level, and abnormal triglyceride levels were significant factors influencing DS intake among Mongolians. Conclusion. Findings from this study indicate that DS intake is uncommon in the Mongolian population. In addition, sex, region, education level, and triglyceride levels may influence DS use.

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Distribution of Vitamin E Intake among Japanese Dietary Supplement and Fortified Food Users: A Secondary Analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003-2009

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Dietary Intake of Nutrients with Adequate Intake Values in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese

Dietary Intake of Nutrients with Adequate Intake Values in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese

Temporal analysis reveals a key role for VTE5 in vitamin E biosynthesis in olive fruit during on-tree development

Analysis of Dietary Supplement Use and Influencing Factors in the Mongolian Population

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