Distribution of Westphalian Marine Faunas in Northern England and Adjoining Areas

Calver, M. A.

doi:10.1144/pygs.37.1.1

Cited by 120 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The marine bands of the East Midlands are highly effective regionally distributed seals with negligible sand/silt contents as reflected by their overall gamma-ray log response. The bands are rarely in excess of 1-2 m thick in the East Midlands, but where unfaulted can support oil columns of 40-50 m. Whereas the marine bands are thin but extensive (Calver 1968), the interdistributary shales may locally be relatively thick (10-15 m in the East Midlands fields). However, the latter are likely to be less effective due to their limited extent and relatively high silt content.…”

Section: Retainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regional assessment of the intra-Carboniferous play of Northern England

Fraser¹,

Nash²,

Steele³

et al. 1990

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Abstract:Hydrocarbons have been produced from the Carboniferous of the East Midlands since the 1920s. Some 30 discoveries have been made to date and although field sizes are generally small, the relatively low costs have made exploration and development an attractive commercial proposition. Many of the factors which contribute to success in the East Midlands occur in other basins in Northern England but have not produced significant hydrocarbon accumulations. This paper examines the key attributes of the intra-Carboniferous play and through an integrated regional geological framework contrasts the successful East Midlands oil province with the other Carboniferous basins of Northern England.

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Section: Retainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regional assessment of the intra-Carboniferous play of Northern England

Fraser¹,

Nash²,

Steele³

et al. 1990

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“…One brackish-water sandstone, the Silkstone (Fig. 1), was also sampled; it is known to be brackish from the presence of the Estheria band within the sandstone (Calver, 1968). Eight interfluvial and channel abandonment siltstone facies were sampled; only one sample of each siltstone was taken.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on mineral authigenesis in Coal Measures sandstones of the East Midlands, UK

Huggett

1984

Clay miner.

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Authigenic clay mineral formation in fluvial sandstones and one brackish sandstone from the lower and middle Coal Measures of the East Midlands has been studied using XRD, optical microscopy and a variety of electron optical techniques. The sandstones are quartz-rich with minor feldspar and mica. The clay minerals present are kaolinite, chlorite and illite; they form 10-15% by volume of most of the sandstones. Both detrital and authigenic illite and chlorite are present but the kaolinite is entirely authigenic. Kaolinite and illite authigenesis has been important in all the sandstones but authigenic chlorite is only abundant in the phyllosilicate-rich Silkstone sandstone. The controlling factors in the diagenesis of the sandstones were primary composition, environment of deposition, bed thickness, pore-fluid migration and composition, pressure and temperature. These interacting factors have been of varying importance in time and space in the diagenesis of the sandstones. Authigenic clay morphology appears to have been controlled by time and environment of formation, pore fluid chemistry and, possibly, parent minerals.In the East Midlands the Westphalian Coal Measures consist of fluvial channel sands, channel abandonment silts, interdistributory silts, shales and coals, with occasional marine bands. In order to investigate the environmental and physico-chemical controls on mineral authigenesis in the Coal Measures sandstones, in particular the clay mineral authigenesis, core samples were obtained from five wells near Gainsborough in Lincolnshire (Fig. I). The wells straddle the gentle WSW-ENE-trending Walkeringham anticline. Ten fluvial sandstones were extensively sampled, of which the present paper is concerned chiefly with the five shown in Fig. 1. One brackish-water sandstone, the Silkstone (Fig. 1), was also sampled; it is known to be brackish from the presence of the Estheria band within the sandstone (Calver, 1968). Eight interfluvial and channel abandonment siltstone facies were sampled; only one sample of each siltstone was taken. TECHNIQUESThe observations presented here were made using a light-optical microscope, a Jeol JSM 35 scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and cathodoluminescence analysis facilities, an AEI high-voltage electron microscope (HVEM), a Jeol 120 CX scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) with EDAX, and a Jeol superprobe JXA 733 with wavelength-dispersive X-ray analysis which was used for backscattered electron imaging (BEI). All minerals named in the Figures were 9 1984 The Mineralogical Society

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“…However, at the base of some of the cycles the mudrocks are represented by marine shales. Up to 19 marine flooding events been identified in the Coal Measures of the North of England corresponding to global sea-level highstands [9,10]. Although most of the coal-bearing sequence is non-marine there are important marine incursions, which may have an influence within the sequence.…”

Section: Sedimentology Of the Coal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The work of Calver [9] on the marine faunas within the marine bands showed that the lateral distribution of the different faunal facies was closely related to the form of the Pennine Basin, with the deeper water, more marine environment restricted to the centre of the basin reflecting the greater subsidence.…”

Section: Sedimentology Of the Coal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Seawater on the Trace Element Geochemistry of Some UK Coals and a Tribute to Goldschmidt

Spears

2017

Minerals

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Abstract:The Pennsylvanian coals in the UK were deposited in a low-lying delta plain which was periodically inundated by the sea. This resulted in high S contents, mainly due to early diagenetic pyrite. Based on a statistical analysis of the geochemical data, pyrite is the major host for As, Se, Hg, Tl and Pb and an important host for Mo, Cd, Ni, Sb and Cu. All of these elements are enriched in the coals compared with non-marine mudrocks in the sequence, as is Ge and Be, although theirs is an organic association. The pattern of enrichment in the coals is similar to that in marine shales and coals overlain by marine shales, demonstrating the seawater influence. Goldschmidt was a pioneer in the geochemical study of coals and this paper will demonstrate that many of his ideas have stood the test of time.

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Distribution of Westphalian Marine Faunas in Northern England and Adjoining Areas

Cited by 120 publications

References 56 publications

A regional assessment of the intra-Carboniferous play of Northern England

A regional assessment of the intra-Carboniferous play of Northern England

Controls on mineral authigenesis in Coal Measures sandstones of the East Midlands, UK

The Role of Seawater on the Trace Element Geochemistry of Some UK Coals and a Tribute to Goldschmidt

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