Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Cassia occidentalis (Linn.) in rats

Ntchapda, Fidèle; Barama, Joseph; Azambou, David Romain Kemeta; Etet, Paul Faustin Seke; Dimo, Théophile

doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.07.030

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The urinary output of rats after oral administration of aqueous extract of V. heterophylla showed a statistical difference observed between the test groups given the extract and the control groups during the 1st h and after 24 h. There is biological significance in urine volume of positive control in relation to the negative control during the 1st h and at the 24th h. Similar observations were reported in studies assessing the other plants with diuretic activity such as Retama raetam [27], and Ficus glumosa [17]. The acute administration of the extract at the dose with the more marked response (250 mg/kg) induced an increase of 82.58 % in urinary excretion (compared to negative control group), against 91.20 % and 13.87 % with furosemide and HCTZ, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Doses of Na + and K + were calculated as indicators of saluretic activity and the ratio Na + /K + was calculated for the natriuretic activity. And to estimate the carbonic anhydrase inhibition activity, the ratio of Cl − ions to Na + and K + ions was calculated [17]. A two-way digital spectrophotometer (Secomam RS232C, Secomam SAS, France) was used to determine the concentrations of urea, glucose, albumin and creatinine in plasma and urine samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) R. Let (Rutaceae) in rats

Ntchapda

Berthou

Azambou

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) is a medicinal plant used empirically in African traditional medicine for many clinical conditions including edematous disorders and hypertension. V. heterophylla aqueous extract has been used in northern part of Cameroon by traditional healers for the treatment of arterial hypertension. The study aim was to assess the putative diuretic and antioxidant properties of V. heterophylla leaves aqueous extract.MethodsAdult rats were administered with V. heterophylla leaves aqueous extract acutely (24 h) at doses 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg (per os). The two positive control groups received the diuretic drugs furosemide (5 mg/kg) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, 10 mg/kg), while negative control group received only an equivalent volume of distilled water. Urinary elimination of electrolytes in response to treatments was evaluated, together with changes in concentrations of creatinine, urea, aldosterone, glucose and albumin in urine and plasma. Various urinary indicators of kidney function and plasmatic markers of oxidative stress were also assessed.ResultsThe findings indicated that the aqueous extract of V. heterophylla at doses ranging from 150 to 250 mg/kg caused a significant and dose-dependent increase of urinary water and electrolytes excretion in normal rats. The aqueous extract of the leaves of V. heterophylla accelerated the elimination of overloaded fluid. At the maximum of diuretic response, urinary osmolarity decreased significantly when compared with controls. Oral administration of aqueous extract at different doses produced a significant diuresis and slight increase in electrolytes (Na+, K+ and Cl−) excretion. The results obtained were compared with standard drug-furosemide (5 mg/kg) and hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg/kg). These effects were observed predominantly at 250 mg/kg dose.ConclusionsOur findings strongly suggest that V. heterophylla aqueous extract has diuretic and antioxidant activities, and deserves further studies considering the potential for the treatment of hypertension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) R. Let (Rutaceae) in rats

Ntchapda

Berthou

Azambou

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…They were identified by experts of the National Herbarium of Cameroon and a sample was deposited (specimen N 0 21057/SFR/CAM). Leaves of C. occidentalis were extracted as described previously [17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wide range of chemical constituents isolated from C. occidentalis include sennoside, anthraquinone glycoside [15], fatty oils, flavonoid glycosides, galactomannan, polysaccharides, and tannins [16]. Although leaves aqueous extract of C. occidentalis were reported to possess diuretic effects [17], no data on the effect of this medicinal plant on cardiovascular diseases and conditions are available. The present study therefore aimed at evaluating the anti-dyslipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-atherogenic effects of C. occidentalis leaf aqueous extracts and potential mechanisms driving its putative protective and therapeutic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-atherosclerogenic effect of aqueous extract leaves of Cassia. occidentalis Linn (Caesalpiniaceae) in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats

Ntchapda

Barama

Talla

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundHyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are major risk factors for atherosclerosis, and all three are among the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Cassia occidentalis aqueous extract has been used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension and associated cardiovascular diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic properties of the aqueous extract of the leaves of C. occidentalis in rats with hypercholesterolemia (HC).Sixty Normocholesterolemic (NC) male rats were divided into six groups (n = 10) and fed a high-cholesterol (HC) diet for 30 days (5 groups), or normal rat chow (normal control group). The plant extract was administered to animals at the increasing dose of 240, 320 and 400 mg/kg. After 4 weeks of treatment 5 rats out of 10 were sacrificed, blood samples, aorta, liver, and fresh faecal were collected and processed for biochemical tests. The experiments were conducted under the same conditions with a group of rat treated with Atorvastatin (1 mg/kg), used positive control. The effects of C. occidentalis on weight gain, water and food consumptions, levels of serum lipids and lipoprotein lipid oxidation and stress markers in blood and liver were also examined.ResultsA significant body weight gain was observed in general in all the group of animals without any treatment after 4 weeks. During the treatment period, the C. occidentalis extract induced a significant increase (P < 0.01) in water consumption and food intakes. After 4 weeks of treatment with hypercholesterolemia, the body temperature and organ weights including the liver, kidney, heart and the testis did not present any significant change. The administration of C. occidentalis extract significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the elevation in TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, hepatic and aortic TG and TC. The atherogenic, triglycerides, and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) index were also decreased in the rats treated with the plant extract. C. occidentalis favoured the performance of faecal cholesterol. It also significantly inhibited the changes and the formation of aortic atherosclerotic plaques.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effects of C. occidentalis extract. C. occidenntalis aqueous extract reduced bad cholesterols, triglycerides and increasing good cholesterols in rats subjected to a feeding regime enriched with cholesterol. The results support the traditional use of the extract of this plant in the treatment of hypertension and diabetes.

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“…For instance, coffee weed leaves possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, evident by their ability to reduce lipid peroxide content and suppress activity of phospholipase A 2 (Yadav et al, 2010 ). Recently, it was also shown that the aqueous extract of this plant has a diuretic effect and improves kidney function indices in rats (Ntchapda et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Herbs and Spices Less Commonly Used For Treatment Of Hypertementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Hypertensive Herbs and Their Mechanisms of Action: Part II

2016

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Traditional medicine has a history extending back to thousands of years, and during the intervening time, man has identified the healing properties of a very broad range of plants. Globally, the use of herbal therapies to treat and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) is on the rise. This is the second part of our comprehensive review where we discuss the mechanisms of plants and herbs used for the treatment and management of high blood pressure. Similar to the first part, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were utilized, and the following keywords and phrases were used as inclusion criteria: hypertension, high blood pressure, herbal medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, endothelial cells, nitric oxide (NO), vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, hydrogen sulfide, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), oxidative stress, and epigenetics/epigenomics. Each of the aforementioned keywords was co-joined with plant or herb in question, and where possible with its constituent molecule(s). This part deals in particular with plants that are used, albeit less frequently, for the treatment and management of hypertension. We then discuss the interplay between herbs/prescription drugs and herbs/epigenetics in the context of this disease. The review then concludes with a recommendation for more rigorous, well-developed clinical trials to concretely determine the beneficial impact of herbs and plants on hypertension and a disease-free living.

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Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Cassia occidentalis (Linn.) in rats

Abstract: Our findings strongly suggest that C. occidentalis aqueous extract has diuretic and antioxidant activities, and deserves further studies considering the potential for the treatment of hypertension.

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) R. Let (Rutaceae) in rats

Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) R. Let (Rutaceae) in rats

Hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-atherosclerogenic effect of aqueous extract leaves of Cassia. occidentalis Linn (Caesalpiniaceae) in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats

Anti-Hypertensive Herbs and Their Mechanisms of Action: Part II

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