Diurnal and seasonal patterns of gas exchange and carbon gain contribution of leaves and stems of Justicia californica in the Sonoran Desert

Tinoco‐Ojanguren, Clara

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.06.004

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…interception and to allow for comparisons between our work and previously published work (see reviews Nilsen 1995;Gibson 1998;Ávila et al 2014b;Ávila-Lovera and Ezcurra 2016). This normalisation by projected area is consistent with the bulk of the literature on photosynthetic stems (Adams and Strain 1968;Szarek and Woodhouse 1978;Ehleringer et al 1987;Osmond et al 1987;Ehleringer 1988, 1990;Nilsen et al 1989;Bossard and Rejmanek 1992;Tinoco-Ojanguren 2008). However, some have argued that half (Chen and Black 1992;Valladares et al 2003) or even the total (Nilsen and Bao 1990;Nilsen 1992a;Nilsen and Sharifi 1994;Nilsen et al 1996) of the surface area of the stem is more appropriate because of diffuse light interception in the field.…”

Section: Gas-exchange Measurementssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…There is evidence that green stems confer advantages to plants bearing them, including (1) extra photosynthetic carbon gain, (2) re-assimilation of respired CO 2 , and (3) high water-use efficiency (WUE) compared with leaves. There is support for the first and second advantages (Mooney and Strain 1964;Adams et al 1967;Adams and Strain 1968;Ehleringer et al 1987;Nilsen et al 1989Nilsen and Bao 1990;Nilsen 1992aNilsen , 1995Gibson 1996;Pfanz et al 2002;Aschan and Pfanz 2003;Tinoco-Ojanguren 2008), but in terms of water-use efficiency, data is more limited (Ehleringer et al 1987;Osmond et al 1987;Nilsen and Bao 1990;Comstock and Ehleringer 1992;Nilsen and Sharifi 1997;Santiago et al 2016;Ávila-Lovera and Tezara 2018). WUE is a trait that expresses carbon gain per unit of water lost and is a critical economic trait for plants living in arid ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may give an advantage to green-stemmed plants over other drought-deciduous species that do not have the extra carbon gain during the dry season. Generally, stem photo-assimilates are used for plant bud development, flowering, and recovery after herbivory (Bossard and Rejmanek 1992;Tinoco-Ojanguren 2008;Saveyn et al 2010); however, woody tissue photosynthesis also contributes to maintenance of hydraulic function (Saveyn et al 2010;Schmitz et al 2012;Bloemen et al 2016) through sugar-mediated synthesis of surfactants and proteins (De Baerdemaeker et al 2017). Furthermore, within the same species, populations from habitats with higher leaf-to-air water vapour gradients produce proportionally more twigs than leaves, indicating that arid habitat populations may rely on stem photosynthesis at the expense of leaf photosynthesis (Comstock and Ehleringer 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Costs and benefits of photosynthetic stems in desert species from southern California

Ávila‐Lovera

Haro

Ezcurra

et al. 2019

Functional Plant Biol.

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Woody plants with green photosynthetic stems are common in dry woodlands with the possible advantages of extra carbon gain, re-assimilation of CO2, and high water-use efficiency. However, their green stem tissue may also incur greater costs of water loss when stomata are closed. Our study focussed on evaluating the costs and benefits of having green stems in desert plants, addressing the water-use efficiency hypothesis. We measured water status, carbon and water exchange, and carbon, nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of 15 species in a desert wash scrub in Joshua Tree National Park, California, USA. We found that all woody species that have green stems relied on their green stems as the sole organ for carbon assimilation for most of the study period. Green stems had similar photosynthetic rate (Amax), stomatal conductance (gs) and intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) to leaves of the same species. However, Amax, gs and cuticular conductance (gmin) were higher in green stems than in leaves of non-green stemmed species. Carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) was similar in both leaves and green stems, indicating no difference in integrated long-term WUE. Our results raise questions about the possible trade-off between carbon gain and water loss through the cuticle in green stems and how this may affect plant responses to current and future droughts.

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Section: Gas-exchange Measurementssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Costs and benefits of photosynthetic stems in desert species from southern California

Ávila‐Lovera

Haro

Ezcurra

et al. 2019

Functional Plant Biol.

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“…In some plants, such as Justicia californica, flowers and fruits develop in the absence of leaves, where the stem is the only photosynthetically active tissue (Tinoco-Ojanguren, 2008;Avila et al, 2014), also highlighting the role of stem photosynthesis for reproductive success. This is emphasized further by a reported stem photosynthesis equivalent to 130% of leaf levels in this species (Tinoco-Ojanguren, 2008), whereas in other species, rates of between 16 and 60% relative to leaf levels have been reported (Ehleringer et al, 1987;Avila et al, 2014). In the woody plant Eucalyptus photosynthesis in chlorophyll-containing tissue, chlorenchyma, located beneath the periderm layer (Pfanz et al, 2002;Manetas, 2004), known as corticular photosynthesis (CP), contributed 11% of total photosynthate to plant growth, demonstrating the contribution of CP to eucalyptus growth (Cernusak and Hutley, 2011).…”

Section: Photosynthesis In Stemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis in non‐foliar tissues: implications for yield

et al. 2020

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Summary Photosynthesis is currently a focus for crop improvement. The majority of this work has taken place and been assessed in leaves, and limited consideration has been given to the contribution that other green tissues make to whole‐plant carbon assimilation. The major focus of this review is to evaluate the impact of non‐foliar photosynthesis on carbon‐use efficiency and total assimilation. Here we appraise and summarize past and current literature on the substantial contribution of different photosynthetically active organs and tissues to productivity in a variety of different plant types, with an emphasis on fruit and cereal crops. Previous studies provide evidence that non‐leaf photosynthesis could be an unexploited potential target for crop improvement. We also briefly examine the role of stomata in non‐foliar tissues, gas exchange, maintenance of optimal temperatures and thus photosynthesis. In the final section, we discuss possible opportunities to manipulate these processes and provide evidence that Triticum aestivum (wheat) plants genetically manipulated to increase leaf photosynthesis also displayed higher rates of ear assimilation, which translated to increased grain yield. By understanding these processes, we can start to provide insights into manipulating non‐foliar photosynthesis and stomatal behaviour to identify novel targets for exploitation in continuing breeding programmes.

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“…First, the diurnal course of water availability can be recorded by WUE. This is important for desert shrubs because the diurnal course of water availability is sensitive to climate changes, which have large diurnal ranges in arid ecosystems (Tinoco-Ojanguren 2008;Xu et al 2007). Second, WUE is an instantaneous indicator of drought tolerance that can immediately change within minutes of experiencing water deficiency (Heschel et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the best spectral indices to remotely trace the diurnal course of water use efficiency of Tamarix ramosissima in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China

et al. 2011

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Water availability is one of the most important factors limiting photosynthetic assimilation of carbon dioxide and growth of individual plants in terrestrial ecosystems. Water use efficiency (WUE) of plants has been widely assessed using ecological methods in field measurements; however, approaches for remotely sensing WUE are still lacking, particularly in arid ecosystems. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of diurnal WUE via spectral indices in arid ecosystems was assessed. Analyses were conducted on a native dominant desert shrub, Tamarix ramosissima, in its original habitat on the southern periphery of the Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Based on diurnal measurements of spectral reflectance, photosynthesis, and micrometeorological variables, simple and useful spectral indices for estimating diurnal WUE at the assimilative organ scale were explored. From six types of spectral indices, ranging from simple to sophisticated, the best wavelength domains for a given type of index were determined by screening all combinations using correlation analysis. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ), ranging from 0.19 to 0.60, for WUE was calculated for all indices derived from spectra taken from the assimilative organs.With only two wavelengths and a significant correlation coefficient (R 2 = 0.60, P \ 0.001), the simple ratio (SR) type index was the most sensitive to WUE among all of the indices. Furthermore, SR is a useful indicator to determine the dynamic and diurnal processes of photosynthesis and transpiration of T. ramosissima. Although it has a few weaknesses, SR serves as a simple and robust indicator of WUE in arid ecosystems.

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Diurnal and seasonal patterns of gas exchange and carbon gain contribution of leaves and stems of Justicia californica in the Sonoran Desert

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Costs and benefits of photosynthetic stems in desert species from southern California

Costs and benefits of photosynthetic stems in desert species from southern California

Photosynthesis in non‐foliar tissues: implications for yield

Identification of the best spectral indices to remotely trace the diurnal course of water use efficiency of Tamarix ramosissima in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China

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