Diurnal Behavior Patterns of Feedlot Bulls During Winter and Spring in Northern Latitudes

Gonyou, H. W.; Stricklin, W. R.

doi:10.2527/jas1984.5851075x

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In summer, on the other hand, the bulls were observed to lay more in the afternoon and perform other behaviours later, even after midnight, than in winter. In both seasons, in accordance with observations of Gonyou and Stricklin (1984), there was a period of minimal eating and performance of other behaviours in the early morning when the bulls were lying.…”

Section: Behavioursupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Eating activity was most evident after addition of feed as was found also by Cozzi and Gottardo (2005). Gonyou and Stricklin (1984) reported a significant period of eating occurring near midnight during the longer winter night, but with increasing day length the duration and intensity of the eating period decreased. In the present study, eating near midnight occurred only in the UB bulls in winter.…”

Section: Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Different housing systems for growing dairy bulls in Northern Finland – effects on performance, behaviour and immune status

Tuomisto

Huuskonen

Ahola

et al. 2009

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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We compared performance, behaviour and immune status of Ayrshire bulls raised in different housing environments in Northern Finland. Thirty bulls were allotted to one of three treatments: uninsulated barn (UB bulls, five animals/pen, two pens), forest paddock (PAD bulls, five animals/PAD, two PADs) and tie-stall in an insulated barn (IB bulls, 10 animals in individual stalls). The daily gain tended to be higher in the IB bulls than in the PAD bulls. Energy intake of the UB and PAD bulls was higher but the feed conversion rate was worse than that of the IB bulls. The time budgets and diurnal rhythms of the UB and PAD bulls were quite similar. The measures of immune (IgG) status indicate that the hygiene of the bulls' surroundings decreased in summer, especially in the IB. Our study indicates that dairy bulls can be overwintered outdoors in Northern Finland without warm housing facilities.

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Section: Behavioursupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 65%

Different housing systems for growing dairy bulls in Northern Finland – effects on performance, behaviour and immune status

Tuomisto

Huuskonen

Ahola

et al. 2009

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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“…The proportion of lying in the bulls' time budgets was very similar to those recorded for bulls in feedlots (Gonyou and Stricklin, 1984) or in individual stalls (Houpt and Wollney, 1989). In the present study, sitting had a very low incidence in both environments.…”

Section: Behaviour In Pens Vs Forest Paddocksmentioning

confidence: 65%

Comparison of time budgets of growing Hereford bulls in an uninsulated barn and in extensive forest paddocks

et al. 2008

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“…This production peaks during the evening hours (F. W. Mitlöhner, J. L. Morrow, J. W. Dailey, and J. J. McGlone, unpublished data). This is an active period for cattle, characterized by increased numbers of agonistic interactions and walking and running behaviors (8). A standard feeding practice in some West Texas feedlots is to feed at sunrise, 1000 h, and 1200 h. This protocol results in cattle that have digested their food by the evening, which coincides with the active, dust-generating period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Microbial Flora in a Cattle Feedlot

Wilson

Morrow-Tesch

Straus

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A total of 1,408 cattle held in eight commercial feedlot pens were used to examine the quantity and diversity of microorganisms in cattle feedlot air. The effect of two feeding patterns on the generation of airborne dust and the total numbers of microorganisms was also examined (four feedlot pens/treatment). Microbial samples were collected, and dust particles that were 2.5 m or less in diameter were measured with a Dustrak monitor during the evening dust peak for 4 days at sites both upwind and downwind of the feedlot pens. An Andersen biological cascade sampler was employed with different medium and incubation combinations for the capture and identification of bacteria and fungi. The results showed that when bacteria were considered, only nonpathogenic gram-positive organisms were recovered. However, gram-negative bacteria may have been present in a viable but nonculturable state. Fungi were recovered in smaller numbers than bacteria, and none of the fungi were pathogenic. The Dustrak results showed that one feeding pattern resulted in cattle behavior that generated levels of downwind dust lower (P ‫؍‬ 0.04) than the levels generated by the behavior resulting from the other feeding pattern. However, the Andersen sampler results showed that there were no differences between feeding patterns with regard to the total number or diversity of microorganisms. The disparity may have been due to the different operating principles of the two systems. The overall numbers of microorganisms recovered were lower than those reported in studies of intensively housed farm animals in which similar recovery techniques were used.High dust production is a feature of many cattle feedlots (20). MacVean et al. (13) found that a broad temperature range and an increase in dust particles in the 2.0-to 3.3-m size range in feedlots were associated with an increased incidence of cattle pneumonia. This was attributed to the dust load stressing the respiratory system and predisposing cattle to infection by bacterial and viral pathogens. The numbers and types of microorganisms that are either bound to feedlot dust or individually airborne may also play a contributing role. However, there have been no previous studies that have examined the microbial composition of cattle feedlot air.Dry, warm conditions and active cattle behavior have been found to be the principal contributors to dust production in cattle feedlots. This production peaks during the evening hours (F. W. Mitlöhner, J. L. Morrow, J. W. Dailey, and J. J. McGlone, unpublished data). This is an active period for cattle, characterized by increased numbers of agonistic interactions and walking and running behaviors (8). A standard feeding practice in some West Texas feedlots is to feed at sunrise, 1000 h, and 1200 h. This protocol results in cattle that have digested their food by the evening, which coincides with the active, dust-generating period. It was hypothesized that feeding cattle at sunrise, noon, and sunset would replace the evening active period with a period of eating and...

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Diurnal Behavior Patterns of Feedlot Bulls During Winter and Spring in Northern Latitudes

Cited by 46 publications

References 13 publications

Different housing systems for growing dairy bulls in Northern Finland – effects on performance, behaviour and immune status

Different housing systems for growing dairy bulls in Northern Finland – effects on performance, behaviour and immune status

Comparison of time budgets of growing Hereford bulls in an uninsulated barn and in extensive forest paddocks

Airborne Microbial Flora in a Cattle Feedlot

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