Diurnal fluctuations in triglyceride, free fatty acids, and insulin during sucrose consumption and insulin infusion in man

Barter, Philip J.; Carroll, Kevin F.; Nestel, Paul J.

doi:10.1172/jci106528

Cited by 67 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1969, we reported (6) that carbohydrate induction of hypertriglyceridemia in normal subjects occurs at night and appears to be related to a rebound rise of free fatty acids after diurnal feeding of a high carbohydrate formula diet. This biphasic response of plasma triglycerides to high carbohydrate feeding on a 24 h basis has since been confirmed by Barter, Carroll, and Nestel (7). The present investigation was undertaken in order to study the effect on 24-h triglyceride, free fatty acid, blood sugar, and insulin profiles of inhibition of nocturnal lipolysis by glucose or nicotinic acid.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides, Free Fatty Acids, Blood Sugar, and Insulin during Carbohydrate-Induction in Man and Their Modification by Nocturnal Suppression of Lipolysis

Schlierf¹,

Dorow²

1973

J. Clin. Invest.

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T Previous studies have shown that carbohydrate induction of hypertriglyceridemia in normal subjects occurs at night and appears to be related to a rise of free fatty acids after diurnal feeding of high-carbohydrate formula diet. The present investigation was undertaken to observe the effect on 24-h triglyceride, free fatty acid, blood sugar, and plasma insulin profiles of inhibition of nocturnal lipolysis by glucose or nicotinic acid in normal subjects and in patients with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.In 10 normal subjects and 10 patients with primary type IV hyperlipoproteinemia, plasma triglyceride, free fatty acid, blood sugar, and insulin levels were followed in short intervals for 24 h while a 2,400 cal, 80% carbohydrate, fat-free formula diet was given in six equal portions during the day (control experiments). This procedure was repeated in the same subjects, 10 of whom (5 normal subjects and 5 patients) received additional feedings of glucose between 2000 and 0600 h while the other 10 persons (5 normal subjects and 5 patients) were given nicotinic acid by intravenous infusion during the same time interval. Both procedures resulted in maintained lowering of free fatty acid levels over 24 h. Mitigation of carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia appeared to result from the additional glucose in normals and in patients. Nicotinic acid abolished the nocturnal rise of plasma triglyceride levels which in the control studies of normal subjects had resulted in approximate doubling of triglyceride levels in 24 h.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides, Free Fatty Acids, Blood Sugar, and Insulin during Carbohydrate-Induction in Man and Their Modification by Nocturnal Suppression of Lipolysis

Schlierf¹,

Dorow²

1973

J. Clin. Invest.

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whether this reflects true circadian control of meal lipid and carbohydrate handling or entrainment to a habitual sequence of meals is not clear. While there is some evidence to suggest circadian variation in postprandial lipid response (Reaven et al, 1988;Romon et al, 1997) and in plasma total TAG concentrations (Barter et al, 1971;Schlierf & Dorow, 1973;Rivera-Coll et al, 1994), the experimental designs of such studies do not exclude the possibility that such observations may reflect the frequency or macronutrient content of the test meals. Fielding et al (1996) and Evans et al (1998) reported appearance of fatty acids in TAG in a chylomicron-rich lipoprotein fraction following the second meal of a two-meal sequence which was suggested to result from incomplete mobilisation from the gut of TAG from the first meal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of meal sequence on postprandial lipid, glucose and insulin responses in young men

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To investigate whether the postprandial changes in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose and insulin concentrations in young men were the same if an identical meal was fed at breakfast and lunch, and if the response to lunch was modified by consumption of breakfast. Methods: In two trials (1 and 2) healthy subjects (age 2271 y, body mass index 2272 kg/m 2 ) were fed the same mixed macronutrient meal at breakfast at 08:00 h and lunch at 14:00 h. In the third trial, no breakfast was fed and the overnight fast extended until lunch at 14:00 h. Addition of [1,1,1-13 C]tripalmitin to one meal in each trial was used to distinguish between endogenous and meal-derived lipids. Results: The postprandial changes in TAG, NEFA and glucose concentrations were similar in trials 1 and 2. The change in plasma total TAG concentration was about two fold less (Po0.05) after lunch compared to breakfast. Postprandial NEFA suppression was the same after breakfast and lunch. Glucose and insulin responses were significantly greater following lunch suggesting decreasing insulin sensitivity during the day. Consumption of breakfast did not alter the postprandial total TAG or NEFA responses after lunch. Measurement of [13 C]palmitic acid concentration showed that handling of TAG and NEFA from the meal was the same after breakfast and lunch, and was not altered by consumption of breakfast. Conclusions: Overall, these data suggest that in young, healthy men regulation of plasma TAG from endogenous sources, principally VLDL, but not chylomicrons during the postprandial period leads to differences in the magnitude of lipaemic response when the same meal was consumed at breakfast or at lunch 6 h later.

show abstract

“…But in the work of Barter et al [5] identical fasting periods between meals were designed and lower insulin secretion was observed in men in the afternoon than in the morning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The known rhythm pattern in glucose and/or insulin values observed in men by several investigators using such stimuli of insulin secretion as meals [3,4,5] oral [1,9,13] or intravenous [13] glucose loads, and tolbutamide [2,13], has not received clear cut explanations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex related diurnal variations in venous blood glucose and plasma insulin levels effects of estrogens in men

et al. 1974

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary. Significant sex differences were observed in 24 young lean men and women submitted to two mixed isocMorie meals (880 KcM; protein 40 g; carbohydrate 90 g; fat 40 g;) at 8.15 AM and 12.45 PM. After an overnight fast venous blood glucose levels were lower in women than in men. Plasma insulin responses were lower after the afternoon meal than after the morning one in men bu~ not in women. Thus women did not present the well known cycle of insulin secretion described in men. Estradiol benzoate, 10 mg per day given intra-muscularly for eight days in six men who served as their own control, lowered fasting venous blood glucose levels and enhanced post prandial plasma insulin levels after the morning and the afternoon meal as well. It is suggested that the sex related differences in venous blood glucose and plasma insulin patterns may be due in part to estrogens.Key words: Blood glucose, plasma insulin, meals, diurnal patterns, estrogens.Diurnal and circadian changes in blood glucose and plasma insulin levels have been described in man by several authors [1--13]. The insulin secretion induced by oral glucose [1,6,7, 11,13], tolbutamide [2,13] or isoealorie meals [3,5] was more pronounced in the morning than in the afternoon. Blood glucose levels were lower in the morning than in the afternoon in response to various stimuli [1, 2, 6, 7, 9--13], but not after meals [3].After 3 and 4 days of total fast, plasma insulin levels were higher in the morning than in the afternoon in normal young men [1r These studies were done mainly or only in men.In male rats a daily rhythm of plasma glucose and insulin levels [15] and a diurnal cycle in the pancreatic beta and alpha 2 cells nuclear size [16] were described.The possibility that the circadian variations observed in blood glucose and plasma insulin levels might be sex-related has not been studied until now. However sex-related differences have been observed in substrate and hormone studies. Women responded more than men to several stimuli of Growth Hormone (GH) secretion [17]. Merimee and Fineberg have recently shown [18] that in fasting women venous blood glucose levels decrease more than in fasting men, without significant differences in plasma insulin levels. In rats blood glucose levels were higher fasting in females than in males [19]. Estrogen administration enhanced GI-I secretion in men [17,20], insulin secretion in the rat [21--23] and lowered the post absorptive blood glucose levels in men [17].The aim of this study was to compare the diurnal changes of venous glucose and plasma insulin values in men and women submitted, after an overnight fast, to two identical meals at 8.15 A?r and 12.45 PM. Some men were reinvestigated after parenterM estradiol benzoate administration.

show abstract

Diurnal fluctuations in triglyceride, free fatty acids, and insulin during sucrose consumption and insulin infusion in man

Cited by 67 publications

References 27 publications

Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides, Free Fatty Acids, Blood Sugar, and Insulin during Carbohydrate-Induction in Man and Their Modification by Nocturnal Suppression of Lipolysis

Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides, Free Fatty Acids, Blood Sugar, and Insulin during Carbohydrate-Induction in Man and Their Modification by Nocturnal Suppression of Lipolysis

Effect of meal sequence on postprandial lipid, glucose and insulin responses in young men

Sex related diurnal variations in venous blood glucose and plasma insulin levels effects of estrogens in men

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About