Diurnal variations of non-structural carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Melinis minutiflora, Echinolaena inflexa and Lolium multiflorum (Poaceae)

Souza, Amanda de; Sandrin, Carla Zuliani; Moraes, Moemy Gomes de; Figueiredo-Ribeiro, Rita de Cássia L.

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042005000400010

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Most of the water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in all parts of plants of Lolium multiflorum was composed of fructose polymers (figure 2), confirming previous information that fructans are the main reserve carbohydrates in this temperate forage grass (Souza et al, 2005), even when cultivated in a glasshouse under a subtropical environment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum cv. Lema

Sandrin

Domingos

Figueiredo-Ribeiro

2006

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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In temperate grasses, fructans are the major storage polysaccharides, being accumulated mainly in mature leaf sheaths, and also in the roots. The partitioning of carbohydrates within different organs regulates plant growth and development. The aim of the present work was to analyze the partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in five different parts (elongating leaf blades, expanded leaf blades, upper and lower segments of the stubble, and roots) of plants of L. multiflorum cv. Lema, in order to contribute to an understanding of soluble carbohydrates distribution in these plants. Soluble carbohydrates and total fructose were analyzed in plants cultivated during 4 months in a glasshouse, by colorimetric, TLC and HPAEC-PAD techniques. Results showed that the greatest portion of total soluble carbohydrates was constituted of free and combined fructose, in all parts of the plants. The stubble contained the highest level of carbohydrates, followed by the elongating leaf blades, expanded leaf blades and roots. The leaf sheaths were not analyzed separately from the stubble, which explains the high levels of carbohydrates found in this part of the plant. The high metabolism of the elongating leaf blades, when compared to that of the expanded leaf blades, could explain the increased amounts of fructans stored in those tissues. Analysis by HPAEC-PAD showed that the elongating leaf blades and the roots had the highest proportions of low molecular weight fructans that could be readily mobilized, supplying the demand of growing tissues in other organs. Key words: fructan, grass, Italian ryegrass, sugars.Resumo: Partição de carboidratos solúveis em água em tecidos vegetativos de Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum cv. Lema. Os frutanos são os polissacarídeos de reserva mais abundantes em gramíneas de clima temperado, sendo estocados principalmente nas bainhas de folhas adultas e também nas raízes. A partição de carboidratos entre os diferentes órgãos da planta regula seu crescimento e seu desenvolvimento. Visto que a partição de carboidratos solúveis ainda é desconhecida em Lolium multiflorum cv. Lema, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a partição desses carboidratos em cinco partes distintas (lâ-minas em alongamento, lâminas totalmente expandidas, segmentos superior e inferior do estolho e raízes) de plantas dessa espécie. Para isso, os carboidratos solúveis totais e a frutose total foram quantificados em plantas cultivadas durante quatro meses em Casa de Vegetação, por métodos colorimétricos e por TLC e HPAEC-PAD. Os resultados mostraram que grande parte da fração dos carboidratos solúveis totais é constituída por frutose, na forma livre e combinada, em todas as partes da planta. O estolho contém os maiores níveis de carboidratos, seguido pelas lâminas em alongamento, lâminas expandidas e raiz. No presente estudo, as bainhas foliares não foram diferenciadas do estolho, o que explica os altos teores de carboidratos solúveis encontrados nessa porção das plantas. As altas taxas de metabolismo das lâminas em alo...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum cv. Lema

Sandrin

Domingos

Figueiredo-Ribeiro

2006

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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“…Comparative studies performed by Souza et al . () showed that the diurnal pattern of NSC in the perennial invasive grass Melinis minutiflora (C4) and in the Cerrado native grass E. inflexa (C3) was attributed to differences in starch metabolism, the main carbon reserve of these grasses, as also previously reported by Chatterton et al . () for other tropical grass species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Diversity of non‐structural carbohydrates in grasses (Poaceae) from Brazil

Moraes

Chatterton

Harrison

et al. 2012

Grass and Forage Science

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Non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC) are the primary energy available for growth and dry‐mass production in forage grasses. They are also associated with tolerance to environmental stresses, including drought. Soluble carbohydrates, especially fructans of temperate forage grasses, have been extensively studied; however, little is known about NSC of tropical grasses. These plants are abundant in the Cerrado, a savanna‐like vegetation with a definite seasonality in rainfall distribution. Such an environment presents an ideal condition for the occurrence of fructans. However, the present analysis of carbohydrates in aerial parts of twenty‐four tropical grass species, mainly from the Panicoideae subfamily in the Cerrado, shows a distinctively different NSC profile when compared with temperate grasses. Free glucose and starch are common NSC found in most plant organs. However, free fructose and sucrose‐based oligosaccharides were only found in very low amounts. Sucrose was detected in higher amounts only in stems. A linear series of malto‐oligosaccharides was found in leaf blades, sheaths and stems of most of the Cerrado grasses, except for those from the Andropogoneae tribe. These results indicate a diversity of regulatory pathways of NSC metabolism in tropical forage grasses from the Cerrado.

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“…The diurnal pattern of NSC in both species (Souza et al, 2005) was at-variable and the accumulation of WSC, starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose as independent variables. The adjustment procedure started from the saturated model (with all the variables present); variables which had lower influence to explain phytomass variation (greatest value of p) were successively removed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal variation of soluble carbohydrates and starch in Echinolaena inflexa, a native grass species from the Brazilian savanna, and in the invasive grass Melinis minutiflora

et al. 2010

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Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase is an abundant C3 grass species with high biomass production in the Brazilian savanna (cerrado); Melinis minutiflora Beauv. is an African C4 forage grass widespread in cerrado and probably displacing some native herbaceous species. In the present work, we analysed seasonally the content and composition of soluble carbohydrates, the starch amounts and the above-ground biomass (phytomass) of E. inflexa and M. minutiflora plants harvested in two transects at 5 and 130 m from the border in a restrict area of cerrado at the Biological Reserve and Experimental Station of Mogi-Guaçu (SP, Brazil). Results showed that water soluble carbohydrates and starch amounts from the shoots of both species varied according to the time of the year, whilst in the underground organs, variations were observed mainly in relation to the transects. Marked differences in the pattern of the above-ground biomass production between these two grasses relative to their location in the Reserve were also observed, with two peaks of the invasive species (July and January) at the Reserve border. The differences in carbohydrate accumulation, partitioning and composition of individual sugars concerning time of the year and location in the Reserve were more related to the annual growth cycle of both grasses and possibly to specific physiological responses of M. minutiflora to disturbed environments in the Reserve border.Keywords: biological invasion, cerrado, starch, sugars, tropical grasses. Variações sazonais de carboidratos solúveis e amido em Echinolaena inflexa, uma espécie nativa do cerrado, e na gramínea invasora Melinis minutiflora ResumoEchinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase é uma gramínea C3 muito abundante em áreas de cerrado e com alta produção de biomassa. Melinis minutiflora Beauv. é uma gramínea C4 de origem africana introduzida no Brasil para fins forrageiros, que se espalhou amplamente por áreas de cerrado, provavelmente deslocando espécies nativas. No presente trabalho, o conteúdo e a composição de carboidratos solúveis, o teor de amido e a biomassa aérea foram analisados sazonalmente em plantas de E. inflexa e M. minutiflora coletadas em dois transectos, a 5 e 130 m da borda da Reserva Biológica e Estação Experimental de Mogi-Guaçu, uma área restrita de cerrado (SP, Brasil). Os resultados mostraram que os carboidratos solúveis e o conteúdo de amido da parte aérea de ambas as espécies variaram de acordo com a época do ano, enquanto que nos órgãos subterrâneos as variações foram observadas principalmente em relação aos transectos. Diferenças marcantes no padrão de distribuição de biomassa aérea das duas espécies em relação à localização na reserva também foram observadas, com dois picos de produção da espécie invasora (em julho e janeiro) na borda da reserva. As diferenças observadas no acúmulo de carboidratos, partição e composição dos açúcares em relação à época do ano e localização na reserva foram mais relacionadas ao ciclo anual de crescimento de ambas as espécies e possivelmente a respostas f...

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Diurnal variations of non-structural carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Melinis minutiflora, Echinolaena inflexa and Lolium multiflorum (Poaceae)

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum cv. Lema

Partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum cv. Lema

Diversity of non‐structural carbohydrates in grasses (Poaceae) from Brazil

Seasonal variation of soluble carbohydrates and starch in Echinolaena inflexa, a native grass species from the Brazilian savanna, and in the invasive grass Melinis minutiflora

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