Divergent roles of herbivory in eutrophying forests

Segar, Josiane; Pereira, Henrique M.; Baeten, Lander; Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus; Frenne, Pieter De; Fernández, Néstor; Gilliam, Frank S.; Lenoir, Jonathan; Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne; Verheyen, Kris; Waller, Donald M.; Teleki, Balázs; Brunet, Jörg; Chudomelová, Markéta; Decocq, Guillaume; Dirnböck, Thomas; Hédl, Radim; Heinken, Thilo; Jaroszewicz, Bogdan; Kopecký, Martin; Macek, Martin; Máliš, František; Naaf, Tobias; Orczewska, Anna; Reczyńska, Kamila; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Šebesta, Jan; Stachurska-Swakoń, Alina; Standovár, Tibor; Świerkosz, Krzysztof; Vild, Ondřej; Wulf, Monika; Staude, Ingmar R.

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35282-6

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Nonetheless, these plastic behavioural responses to human presence can potentially modify inter-specific dynamics and ecological processes [65]. High human risk perception in natural areas, by concentrating wild mammals within more densely covered forests that provide more efficient protection to human disturbance, has been suggested to even modify the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle, with the potential for soil eutrophication [66]. Similarly, the avoidance of humans and their infrastructures can intensify forest browsing by ungulates in the less disturbed and more secluded areas, with potential negative impacts on forest dynamics [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass mediates spatio-temporal responses of mammals to human frequentation across Italian protected areas

Salvatori,

Greco,

Petroni

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Protected area (PA) networks are a pivotal tool to fight biodiversity loss, yet they often need to balance the mission of nature conservation with the socio-economic need of giving opportunity for outdoor recreation. Recreation in natural areas is important for human health in an urbanized society, but can prompt behavioural modifications in wild animals. Rarely, however, have these responses being studied across multiple PAs and using standardized methods. We deployed a systematic camera trapping protocol at over 200 sites to sample medium and large mammals in four PAs within the European Natura 2000 network to assess their spatio-temporal responses to human frequentation, proximity to towns, amount of open habitat and topographical variables. By applying multi-species and single-species models for the number of diurnal, crepuscular and nocturnal detections and a multi-species model for nocturnality index, we estimated both species-specific- and meta-community-level effects, finding that increased nocturnality appeared the main strategy that the mammal meta-community used to cope with human disturbance. However, responses in the diurnal, crepuscular and nocturnal site use were mediated by species' body mass, with larger species exhibiting avoidance of humans and smaller species more opportunistic behaviours. Our results show the effectiveness of standardized sampling and provide insights for planning the expansion of PA networks as foreseen by the Kunming–Montreal biodiversity agreement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass mediates spatio-temporal responses of mammals to human frequentation across Italian protected areas

Salvatori,

Greco,

Petroni

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…clades within Poaceae or Cyperaceae) through soil compaction (Mohieddinne et al ., 2022), canopy openness (Pilon et al ., 2020), and human‐assisted dispersal (Closset‐Kopp et al ., 2019). In addition, grazing pressure promotes different ecological strategies, particularly along the eutrophication gradient (Segar et al ., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating plant lineage losses and gains in temperate forest understories: a phylogenetic perspective on climate change and nitrogen deposition

Padullés Cubino,

Lenoir,

et al. 2023

New Phytologist

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Summary Global change has accelerated local species extinctions and colonizations, often resulting in losses and gains of evolutionary lineages with unique features. Do these losses and gains occur randomly across the phylogeny? We quantified: temporal changes in plant phylogenetic diversity (PD); and the phylogenetic relatedness (PR) of lost and gained species in 2672 semi‐permanent vegetation plots in European temperate forest understories resurveyed over an average period of 40 yr. Controlling for differences in species richness, PD increased slightly over time and across plots. Moreover, lost species within plots exhibited a higher degree of PR than gained species. This implies that gained species originated from a more diverse set of evolutionary lineages than lost species. Certain lineages also lost and gained more species than expected by chance, with Ericaceae, Fabaceae, and Orchidaceae experiencing losses and Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae, and Rosaceae showing gains. Species losses and gains displayed no significant phylogenetic signal in response to changes in macroclimatic conditions and nitrogen deposition. As anthropogenic global change intensifies, temperate forest understories experience losses and gains in specific phylogenetic branches and ecological strategies, while the overall mean PD remains relatively stable.

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“…However, this shift could lead to an unwanted loss of forest microclimate and therefore a potential loss of, most likely specialist, forest fauna and flora species (Blondeel et al, 2020;De Frenne et al, 2013;Wen et al, 2022). Additionally, the 'N time bomb' hypothesis states that due to global changes and herbivory, the desired or expected herb vegetation or composition after these shifts might not even prevail (Segar et al, 2022). Management Hawkes et al, 2021).…”

Section: Change In Pnp Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Declining potential nectar production of the herb layer in temperate forests under global change

De Schuyter,

De Lombaerde,

Depauw

et al. 2024

Journal of Ecology

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Wild pollinators are crucial for ecosystem functioning and human food production and often rely on floral resources provided by different (semi‐) natural ecosystems for survival. Yet, the role of European forests, and especially the European forest herb layer, as a potential provider of floral resources for pollinators has scarcely been quantified. In this study, we measured the potential nectar production (PNP) of the forest herb layer using resurvey data across 3326 plots in temperate forests in Europe, with an average time interval of 41 years between both surveys in order to assess (i) the importance of the forest herb layer in providing nectar for wild pollinators, (ii) the intra‐annual variation of PNP, (iii) the overall change in PNP between survey periods and (iv) the change in intra‐annual variation of PNP between survey periods. The PNP estimates nectar availability based on the relative cover of different plant species in the forest herb layer. Although PNP overestimates actual nectar production, relative differences amongst plots provide a valid and informative way to analyse differences across time and space. Our results show that the forest herb layer has a large potential for providing nectar for wild pollinator communities, which is greatest in spring, with an average PNP of almost 16 g sugar/m2/year. However, this potential has drastically declined (mean plot‐level decline >24%). Change in light availability, associated with shifts in canopy structure and canopy composition, is the key driver of temporal PNP changes. Synthesis. Our study shows that if management activities are carefully planned to sustain nectar‐producing plant species for wild pollinators, European forest herb layers and European forests as a whole can play key roles in sustaining wild pollinator populations.

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Divergent roles of herbivory in eutrophying forests

Cited by 18 publications

References 101 publications

Body mass mediates spatio-temporal responses of mammals to human frequentation across Italian protected areas

Body mass mediates spatio-temporal responses of mammals to human frequentation across Italian protected areas

Evaluating plant lineage losses and gains in temperate forest understories: a phylogenetic perspective on climate change and nitrogen deposition

Declining potential nectar production of the herb layer in temperate forests under global change

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