Diverging paths? The dual-earner/dual-carer model in Finland and Sweden in the 1990s

Haataja, Anita; Nyberg, Anita

doi:10.1332/policypress/9781861346452.003.0010

Cited by 16 publications

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“…Institutional arrangements such as family leave legislation and a public day-care system have been crucial for female labour market participation. All children under school age are guaranteed a municipal day care-place (Haataja and Nyberg 2006;Julkunen and Nätti 1999, 48;Tammelin 2009). Maternity leave is of fairly long duration, as is paternity and parental leave.…”

Section: The Welfare State Promotes Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender segregation in the employment of higher education graduates

Vuorinen-Lampila

2014

Journal of Education and Work

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This article examines the employment and placement in working life of Finnish higher education graduates (i.e. graduates from universities and polytechnics), focusing on gender equality. It reports a study on gender segregation in higher education and working life, considered in relation to Nordic gender equality policies. The data were gathered via a questionnaire administered to graduates in business and administration (n=1067) and in technology (n=1087), three years after their graduation. The results showed that men were able to secure permanent and full-time employment more often than women, and achieved a better correspondence between their degree and their employment. However, the gender divergence was manifested differently in polytechnics and universities; thus a higher (Master's) university degree seemed to have a compensating influence on the effect of gender. Despite of Nordic equality policies, female and male graduates were placed in the labour market according to tendencies towards gender segregation.

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Section: The Welfare State Promotes Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following parental leave, parents have the right to a period of care leave until the child is three years of age. There is flexibility in the way in which leaves are taken: the parents are free to split them (Ellingsaeter and Leira 2006, 20-21;Haataja and Nyberg 2006).…”

Section: The Welfare State Promotes Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender segregation in the employment of higher education graduates

Vuorinen-Lampila

2014

Journal of Education and Work

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“…A new gender contract started to emerge with themes of gender conflict entering the public discussion (Rantalaiho, 1997). The high employment rates of mothers with children under school age went down from 76% in 1989 to 61% in 1997 (Haataja & Nyberg, 2006). Mothers' paid employment was also more openly questioned as harmful for children (Anttonen, 2003).…”

Section: Wage-worker Motherhood In Finlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mothers' paid employment was also more openly questioned as harmful for children (Anttonen, 2003). Many families with young children moved from a dual breadwinner model towards a male breadwinner model where the mother is -at least temporarily, and often because of unemployment-away from the labour market for some years after a child is born (Haataja & Nyberg, 2006). Mothers of young children not only took most of the parental leave that can be taken until the child is about 10 months old but also took some of the available childcare leave so that employment breaks are typically 1.5 years per child (Lammi-Taskula, 2004).…”

Section: Wage-worker Motherhood In Finlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doing Fatherhood: Understanding the Gendered Use of Parental Leave in Finland

Lammi-Taskula

2008

Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Me

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“…In the decades that followed, living standards improved, and the country made a rapid transition to being a post-industrial and wealthy welfare state. Traditionally, the labour force participation rates of Finnish women, including of mothers with children, have been high, and both women and men tend to work full-time (see, e.g., Haataja and Nyberg 2006).…”

Section: General Trends In Fertility and Childlessness: Finland As Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childlessness in Finland

Rotkirch

Miettinen

2017

Demographic Research Monographs

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"-Well, life didn't turn out as expected."Recently, I (the first author of this chapter) attended a school reunion where I caught up with former classmates, many of whom I had not seen for decades. When I spoke to one of the attendees, I was intrigued by her frank answer, quoted above, to my general question about how she was doing. Finns have preserved the touching habit of taking small talk seriously. So I asked her what she meant. "-For a start, I have no children."Since my former classmates are now approaching 50, it was clear that the childbearing years were over for the women in the room. Most of the people gathered had a couple of teenagers at home, while some had older children who had already moved out. Some of the men had paired up with younger women and had toddlers. As so often in such social situations, how the children are doing emerged as the easiest, safest discussion topic in the noisy room. Even if the children have problems, they can be shared anecdotally, or glossed over by a superficial answer.The topic of childlessness is much more sensitive. Finns are liberal and secular in their attitudes towards family life. As early as in the 1980s, over 70 % of Finnish women surveyed said they did not believe that a woman has to have children in order to be fulfilled (Nikander 1992), and only 20 % said they thought that a person could not be completely happy unless he or she has children (Paajanen et al. 2007). Although there is no strong stigma associated with childlessness in Finland, it is still not easy to ask people why they are childless, in part because the reasons they might

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Diverging paths? The dual-earner/dual-carer model in Finland and Sweden in the 1990s

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Gender segregation in the employment of higher education graduates

Gender segregation in the employment of higher education graduates

Doing Fatherhood: Understanding the Gendered Use of Parental Leave in Finland

Childlessness in Finland

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