Diverse bodies-space politics: towards a critique of social (in)justice of built environments

Abstract

Writing has long played an important role in the progression of architecture and the built environment. Histories of architecture are written, manifestoes that form the basis for a designer's work are written and most importantly, the built environment advances itself through the act of critical writing. Not unlike the visual arts, literature and poetry, the tradition of written criticism has been crucial to the progression of architecture and its allied professions (Franz 2003). This article contributes to architecture and the built environment through the act of a written essay that critiques the problem of bodily diversity to architecture. In particular, the article explores the implications of body-space politics and abstracted body thinking on diverse bodies and their spatial justice. Using Soja's Spatial Justice theory ( 2008), we seek to point out the underlying conceptions and power differentials assigned to different bodies spatially and how this leads to spatial injustices and contested spaces. The article also critically analyses the historical emergence of 'the standardised body' in architecture and its application in design theory and practice, and looks at how bodies often found on the outside of architecture highlight how such thinking creates injustices. Different theories are drawn on to help point to how design through the use of the upright, forward facing, male body willingly and unwillingly denies access to resources and spatialities of everyday life. We also suggest ways to re-conceptualise the body in design practice and teaching.

İmar Planlarında Park Erişiminin Mekânsal Hakçalığı: Karabağlar ve Buca'da bir konut alanı örneği (İzmir)

“…The main objective of public service allocation has changed from sustaining maximum profit and utility (Pareto-optimal allocation) (Tiebout, 1956) to developing the social welfare (Harvey, 1975(Harvey, , 1996Lineberry & Welch, 1989;Teitz, 1968). Lately, the increasing acceleration of inequalities in the resource distribution among society members has given a rise in environmental justice issues (Schlosberg, 2013;Sister, Wolch, & Wilson, 2010;Stafford & Volz, 2016). Recent approaches to public service allocation focus on both economic optimisation and spatial equity in allocation processes (Guzman et al, 2017;Omer, 2006;Talen, 1998a).…”

“…The operational meaning of spatial equity and economic efficiency is to sustain as much as high accessibility of different social groups (particularly the disadvantaged groups socio-economically and demographically) to public service areas within walking distances (Neutens, Schwanen, Witlox, & De Maeyer, 2010;Stafford & Baldwin, 2018;Stafford & Volz, 2016). To guide the operations of socio-spatial distribution of public services, "the equity" is considered to be achieved through the equality-, need-, demand-and market-based procedures.…”