Diversidad Genética en Poblaciones De Razas Mexicanas De Maíz

Barrera-Guzmán, Luis Ángel; Legaria-Solano, Juan Porfirio; Ortega-Paczka, Rafael

doi:10.35196/rfm.2020.1.121

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…These results indicate that there is wide diversity in yield components and agronomic traits, due to the effect of the environment, genotypes, their interaction and the use of divergent varieties as parents of intervarietal crosses. The use of genetic diversity allows to identify favourable alleles for genetic improvement (Barrera-Guzmán et al, 2020;González-Martínez et al, 2020); get to know alternative heterotic patterns (Carena, 2005), which can be exploited for the development of varieties with higher productive potential and wider adaptation (Eze et al, 2020;Velasco-García et al, 2019).…”

Section: Analysis Of Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

INTERVARIETAL CROSSES, AN ALTERNATIVE FOR INCREASING YELLOW MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION IN VARIABLE ENVIRONMENTS

Juárez

Santacruz-Várela

González

et al. 2022

agro

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In Mexico, maize (Zea mays L.) is grown under rainfed conditions within immensurable number of variable environments that limit production. To cope with these adversities, genotypes of different genetic constitution have been generated, such as intervarietal crosses; however, knowledge of the yield potential of those crosses in variable environments is limited. The objective of the study was to determine the yield potential of intervarietal crosses of yellow maize in environments of high-valley lands in central Mexico, as well as the components that influence yield under the hypothesis that intervarietal crosses are equal in yield to conventional hybrids. Crosses, open-pollinated parental varieties and commercial controls were evaluated in a randomized complete block design. Fifteen agronomic variables and yield components were measured. A combined analysis of variance and comparison of means (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05) were applied, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated. The analysis of variance detected statistical differences in all the factors of variation in most of the evaluated variables. The intervarietal crosses performed statistically equal to the controls but superior to the parents. The crosses excelled in ear diameter and ear length, total weight of grains in the ear, 100-grain weight, grain length, grain width, plant height, ear height, shelling corn coefficient and prolificacy index. In 23 crosses, the genotype × environment interaction effect was not significant. Intervarietal crosses have yield potential compared to conventional hybrids. Ear and grain traits had the greatest influence on yield. Intervarietal crosses represent an alternative to increase yield and production of yellow maize in the high-valley lands of central Mexico.

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Section: Analysis Of Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

INTERVARIETAL CROSSES, AN ALTERNATIVE FOR INCREASING YELLOW MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION IN VARIABLE ENVIRONMENTS

Juárez

Santacruz-Várela

González

et al. 2022

agro

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“…La diversidad del maíz (Zea mays) mexicano es notable, ya que México se reconoce como el centro de origen, domesticación y diversificación de esta especie. El maíz se ha adaptado exitosamente a una amplia gama de condiciones climáticas y edafológicas (Barrera-Guzmán et al 2020) y tiene una diversidad de usos en grano y en planta para la alimentación humana o animal. En México, la mazorca parcialmente inmadura se llama elote y constituye una importante fuente de carbohidratos en la alimentación humana (Ortiz-Torres et al 2013, Aguirre-Rivera et al 2016.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Actividad de celulasas y lacasas de Pleurotus ostreatus por fermentación en medios sólidos con subproductos del maíz (Zea mays L.)

Morales-Campos,

Sánchez-Santillán,

Torres-Salado

et al. 2024

RICA

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Los subproductos del maíz (olote, totomoxtle y rastrojo) podrían servir como sustrato para producir extractos enzimáticos por fermentación sólida (FS). El objetivo de esta investigación fue cuantificar la actividad de enzimas celulasas y lacasas de cepas de Pleurotus ostreatus a cinco y diez días de FS. La FS se realizó en matraces Erlenmeyer con 50 g de sustrato (80 % humedad) inoculados con 5 g de una cepa e incubados a 30 ºC. En cada tiempo de fermentación se obtuvo el extracto enzimático y al fermento sólido se le determinó proteína cruda (PC), materia orgánica (MO), fibra detergente neutro (FDN) y fibra detergente ácido (FDA). El diseño experimental fue un arreglo factorial 2x3x2 en un diseño completamente al azar; usando cepas, sustratos y tiempo de fermentación como factores. La actividad enzimática de las celulasas y la PC no mostraron diferencias entre cepas y tipos de sustrato (p > 0.05). La FS a 10 d mostró mayor actividad de las celulasas y PC que a los cinco días; la mayor actividad de las lacasas fue en la FS por cinco días usando la cepa P15 y olote o rastrojo; el fermento con rastrojo presentó menor FDN que totomoxtle y olote; el fermento sólido a diez días mostró mayor FDA que a cinco días de FS; la FS con diez días usando rastrojo y la cepa MR mostró menor MO (p < 0.05). En conclusión, olote y totomoxtle son sustratos efectivos en FS para producir extractos enzimáticos de celulasas y lacasas, además el contenido de nutrientes del sustrato se modificó con el tiempo de fermentación.

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“…Corn ( Zea mays ) has become the leading cereal grain by global production volume, with around 197 million hectares of land cultivated annually [ 3 ]. In Mexico, maize’s center of origin and domestication, some landraces have adapted to different environmental conditions and are locally grown [ 4 ]. Maize landraces are reservoirs of genetic diversity and have been used as donor material for global breeding activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobiota of Mexican Maize Landraces with Auxin-Producing Yeasts That Improve Plant Growth and Root Development

Ramos-Garza

Aguirre-Noyola

Bustamante-Brito

et al. 2023

Plants

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Compared to agrochemicals, bioinoculants based on plant microbiomes are a sustainable option for increasing crop yields and soil fertility. From the Mexican maize landrace “Raza cónico” (red and blue varieties), we identified yeasts and evaluated in vitro their ability to promote plant growth. Auxin production was detected from yeast isolates and confirmed using Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Inoculation tests were performed on maize, and morphological parameters were measured. Eighty-seven yeast strains were obtained (50 from blue corn and 37 from red corn). These were associated with three families of Ascomycota (Dothideaceae, Debaryomycetaceae, and Metschnikowiaceae) and five families of Basidiomycota (Sporidiobolaceae, Filobasidiaceae, Piskurozymaceae, Tremellaceae, and Rhynchogastremataceae), and, in turn, distributed in 10 genera (Clavispora, Rhodotorula, Papiliotrema, Candida, Suhomyces, Soliccocozyma, Saitozyma Holtermaniella, Naganishia, and Aeurobasidium). We identified strains that solubilized phosphate and produced siderophores, proteases, pectinases, and cellulases but did not produce amylases. Solicoccozyma sp. RY31, C. lusitaniae Y11, R. glutinis Y23, and Naganishia sp. Y52 produced auxins from L-Trp (11.9–52 µg/mL) and root exudates (1.3–22.5 µg/mL). Furthermore, they stimulated the root development of A. thaliana. Inoculation of auxin-producing yeasts caused a 1.5-fold increase in maize plant height, fresh weight, and root length compared to uninoculated controls. Overall, maize landraces harbor plant growth-promoting yeasts and have the potential for use as agricultural biofertilizers.

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Diversidad Genética en Poblaciones De Razas Mexicanas De Maíz

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

INTERVARIETAL CROSSES, AN ALTERNATIVE FOR INCREASING YELLOW MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION IN VARIABLE ENVIRONMENTS

INTERVARIETAL CROSSES, AN ALTERNATIVE FOR INCREASING YELLOW MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION IN VARIABLE ENVIRONMENTS

Actividad de celulasas y lacasas de Pleurotus ostreatus por fermentación en medios sólidos con subproductos del maíz (Zea mays L.)

Mycobiota of Mexican Maize Landraces with Auxin-Producing Yeasts That Improve Plant Growth and Root Development

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