Diversity and activity of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria and sulphate-reducing bacteria in landfill cover soils

Abstract

Significance and the Impact of the Study: High diversity of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) presented in the landfill cover soils. Among the physicochemical properties of soils (moisture content, pH, organic materials, SO 4 2À , acid volatile sulphide and total sulphur), pH was the most important factor affecting the diversity and activity of SOB and SRB in the landfill cover soils. Higher pH of landfill cover soils (i.e. neutral or slight alkaline) was favourable for the growth of SOB and SRB, leading to a rapid bioconversion of sulphur. These findings are helpful to optimize sulphur biotransformation in landfill cover soils and to control odour pollution at landfills. AbstractSulphur bioconversion in landfill cover soils, including the metabolism of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB), is one of the important processes affecting H 2 S emission from landfills. In this study, two landfills with or without landfill gas collection and utilization system were investigated to characterize the role of biotic and abiotic factors affecting diversity and activity of SOB and SRB in the landfill cover soils. The results revealed that the potential sulphur oxidation rates (SORs) and sulphate reduction rates (SRRs) varied with landfill sites and depths. SOR was significantly correlated with pH and SO 4 2À , while SRR was significantly related with pH. The populations of both SOB and SRB were low in the acidic landfill cover soils (pH = 4Á7-5Á37). Cloning and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of soxB and dsrB showed that SOB including Halothiobacillus, Thiobacillus, Thiovirga and Bradyrhizobium, and SRB including Desulfobacca, Desulforhabdus and Syntrophobacter dominated in the landfill cover soils, and their distributions were affected mainly by pH value and organic matter contents of soils.

Compositions and Abundances of Sulfate-Reducing and Sulfur-Oxidizing Microorganisms in Water-Flooded Petroleum Reservoirs with Different Temperatures in China

“…Sulfate-reducing bacteria and SOB have been investigated in diverse ecological habitats; these bacteria are known to be of great significance in the carbon and sulfur cycles of the ecosystem and have a wide variety of applications, such as odor elimination, wastewater treatment, and remediation of pollutants ( Belila et al, 2013 ; Varon-Lopez et al, 2013 ; Cao et al, 2014 ; Xia et al, 2014 ). Studying the distribution and composition of SRB and SOB can shed significant insights into the potential roles they play in ecological environments.…”

“…The detected SRB were affiliated to Deltaproteobacteria and Clostridia , while most microbes assigned to SOB were affiliated to Beta- , Alpha- and Epsilonproteobacteria which were found in many studies as is shown in Figures 3C,D ( Belila et al, 2013 ; Guan et al, 2013 ; Headd and Engel, 2013 ; Gao et al, 2015a ). Among petroleum reservoirs, SRB and SOB communities exerted niche specificity and showed strong relationships to reservoir physicochemical factors which play an important role in shift the microbial community, like temperature, PH and the concentration of various ions ( Zhang et al, 2010 , 2012 ; Xia et al, 2014 ; Xiao et al, 2016 ). Communities among different reservoirs were affected by different environmental variables, while SRB and SOB were influenced by same environmental variables in each reservoir.…”

Survey of Microbial Diversity in Flood Areas during Thailand 2011 Flood Crisis Using High-Throughput Tagged Amplicon Pyrosequencing

“…Hydrogenophaga are versatile aerobic bacteria capable of degrading polluted hydrocarbons including benzene, methyl- tert -butyl ether, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [ 38 , 39 ]. Thiovirga is a group of sulfur oxidizing bacteria that has been found in landfill cover soil together with other sulfur oxidizing and sulfate reducing bacteria involved in sulfur bioconversion [ 40 ]. Tolumonas is a facultative anaerobic Gammaproteobacteria, which was previously isolated from wastewater and anoxic sediment of a fresh water lake [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Characterization of H2S removal and microbial community in landfill cover soils

“…CH 4 oxidation activity was measured as described previously by Wang et al (2011) and Zhang et al (2014). SOR and SRR were measured as described by Xia et al (2014). The contents of AVS, SO 4 2− , and TS were measured according to the methods described previously (Kuenen et al 1992;Qiu et al 1992).…”