Diversity and distribution of ferns at different altitudes in Central Java

Abstract

Fern is one of the vegetation that makes up the forest ecosystem in low, medium, and highland areas. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of ferns in Central Java at different heights. The research zone consists of zone I lowlands (Pagerwunung Nature Reserve, Darupono, Kendal, 100-300 masl), zone II medium plains (Forest Penggaron, 300 - 800 masl), and zone III highlands (Forest Mount Ungaran and Mount Lawu). The results showed that the diversity of plants in the zone I consisted of 8 families with 15 species, zone II consisted of 3 families with 23 species, and zone III consisted of 18 families with 32 species. The highest distribution of ferns diversity was in zone III because the increasing altitude causes the soil condition to become more humid. After all, forest trees provide water composition for the soil, lower temperatures make high air humidity, and light intensity is a suitable bioecological factor for all ferns’ habitat.

Filicinae Taxonomic Diversity in the Tourism Area of Tretes Waterfall Wonosalam Kabupaten Jombang

“…The Filicinae species found in location were labeled the habitat was counted in the number of individuals (2 clump of ferns was counted as an individual) for each species. Filicinae specimens were collected for identification at the species level using the Flora of Malaya reference book (Holtum, 1968), Fern Diversity in East Java (Efendi & Iswahyudi, 2019), and the Fern Guide book (Sianturi et al 2020).…”

“…Filicinae has include approximately 170 genera and 7000 species (Nurchayati, 2016). The characteristics of the Filicinae are as follows macrophiles leaves with double pinnate compound types (Pranita et al 2016); young leaves are coiled and sorus on the lower surface of the leaves (Sulasmi, 2017); some leaves, petioles and leaf branches are sometimes covered with a layer of scale-like hairs called palea (Sianturi et al, 2020).…”

“…The range of 50-80% is the ideal humidity range for the growth of ferns (Lestari et al, 2020) Besides to temperature and humidity, pH also influences the growth of ferns. Usually, the range of 5.5-6.5 is the ideal pH for ferns that live Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/risetbiologi terrestrially in the forest (Sianturi et al 2021). Ferns live well in shaded environment.…”

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Interaktif Berbasis CASE (Creative, Active, Systematic, Effective) pada Mata Pelajaran Korespondensi

“…Guru dapat menggunakan e-book untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah. Penelitian oleh Sianturi, Retnoningsih, & Ridlo (2021) mengemukakan bahwa "the application of interactive e-book material on ferns is massively effective as a teaching material so that it can be used as an alternative learning resource. This interactive e-book will make it easier for students to understand the concept of ferns because of the completeness of the pictures and their compatibility with ferns in the student's environment".…”

Pengembangan E-Book Interaktif Berorientasi Contextual Teaching and Learning untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif pada Materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan

“…Kesesuaian komponen CTL didapatkan persentase sebesar 94,05% dengan kriteria sangat valid, namun pada beberapa komponen masih perlu diperbaiki kembali agar ketujuh komponen tersebut menjadi sempurna sehingga hasil belajar siswa juga baik. Penggunaan e-book interaktif siswa mampu merumuskan permasalahan, membagikan alasan, melaksanakan induksi, mengevaluasi, memutuskan dan mempraktikan permasalahan (Sianturi et al, 2021) Selanjutnya, kelayakan berpikir kreatif didapatkan hasil rata-rata persentase sebesar 93,75% dengan kriteria sangat valid. Pada aspek fluency ini e-book interaktif mampu mendeskripsikan berbagai konsep aplikasi materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan dalam kehidupan nyata, aspek originality mampu menggiring siswa dalam menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan, aspek flexibility mampu menunjukkan kreativitas siswa dalam memberikan perbedaan interpretasi dari objek tertentu, selanjutnya aspek elaboration mampu mengelaborasi ide dan pemikiran yang unik berdasarkan contoh yang diberikan.…”