Diversity and occurrence of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus on legumes from Iran

Abstract

Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV; genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae) is one of the most important legume‐infecting viruses with a wide host range and geographic distribution in Africa and Asia. In Iran, CpCDV is common in chickpea (Cicer arietinum), but there is limited information about diversity and infections in plants of other legume species. In the current study, a total of 1671 leaf samples from different pulse crops with symptoms were collected in nine provinces of Iran, and the CpCDV infection status was tested by PCR and/or rolling circle amplification (RCA), resulting in the detection of CpCDV in samples of chickpea, lentil (Lens culinaris) and faba bean (Vicia faba) from different regions. Sequence analysis of complete genomes of 18 isolates recovered by digestion of RCA products revealed infection with isolates of the strains CpCDV‐A and CpCDV‐F in chickpea, lentil and faba bean. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Iranian isolates of CpCDV were closely related to previously sequenced isolates of CpCDV‐A and CpCDV‐F. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of CpCDV‐F in Iran. Using agroinoculation with infectious clones for one isolate each of CpCDV‐A and CpCDV‐F, infectivity was confirmed in both faba bean and chickpea, with plants developing leaf curling and/or yellowing. Both infectious clones also successfully infected Nicotiana benthamiana resulting in mild yellowing and intensive leaf curling for CpCDV‐A, and dark‐green mosaic, dwarfing and mild leaf curling for CpCDV‐F.

Identification of New Chickpea Virus and Control of Chickpea Virus Disease

“…Both methods use specific primer pairs targeting viral gene regions for PCR or RT-PCR amplification and identification or detection of chickpea viruses by sequence analysis. The Iranian CpCDV-F isolate was amplified and sequenced by the PCR method and was shown to be closely related to CpCDV-A and CpCDV-F isolates [ 63 ]. In addition, the genomic DNA of FBNYV isolates could be specifically detected by the immunocapture (IC)-PCR method [ 42 ].…”

Pest categorisation of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus

“…In Sudan, stunt incidence was documented on chickpea, ranging between 7–25% and 25–62% depending on the season (Hamed and Makkouk, 2002 ). In Iran, an incidence of 3.4% and 1.8% was reported in faba bean and lentil, respectively (Shahmohammadi et al., 2020 ). In India, CpCDV induced stunting along with leaf curling in hot pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) (Byun et al., 2014 ).…”

“…( 2015 ); Shahmohammadi et al. ( 2020 ) Pisum sativum Fabaceae Pea Kraberger et al. ( 2013 ) Beta vulgaris Amaranthaceae Sugar beet Farzadfar et al.…”

“…( 2018 ); Shahmohammadi et al. ( 2020 ) Nicotiana glutinosa Solanaceae Tobacco Horn et al. ( 1993 ); Kanakala et al ( 2013a ) Nicotiana tabacum Solanaceae Tobacco Horn et al.…”